Cancer mortality rates among US and foreign-born individuals: United States 2005–2014

Hallowell, Benjamin D; Endeshaw, Meheret; McKenna, Matthew T.; Senkomago, Virginia; Razzaghi, Hilda; Saraiya, Mona

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105755

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Finally, the lower cancer mortality rates, especially for CNS tumors, among subjects from foreign countries in comparison with Italians are likely the result of the lower incidence of cancer among immigrant populations. This was previously observed in a study from the United States and was explained by genetic susceptibility, lower prevalences of smoking and obesity among immigrant mothers, different rates of exposure to infections in early life, and migration selectivity (mothers who migrate are healthier than those who remain behind, and parents whose children are diagnosed with cancer are unlikely to migrate from their country) 41,42 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…This was previously observed in a study from the United States and was explained by genetic susceptibility, lower prevalences of smoking and obesity among immigrant mothers, different rates of exposure to infections in early life, and migration selectivity (mothers who migrate are healthier than those who remain behind, and parents whose children are diagnosed with cancer are unlikely to migrate from their country). 41,42 This study provides important and unique data on the relationship between parental education and cancer mortality in children, adolescents, and young adults in Italy. The large number of events collected during the follow-up permitted a precise quantification of risks as well as a description of risk functions by age and parental education.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parental education and cancer mortality in children, adolescents, and young adults: A case‐cohort study within the 2011 Italian census cohort

Alicandro

Bertuccio

Sebastiani

et al. 2020

Cancer

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BACKGROUND: Progress in the treatment of juvenile cancers has led to remarkable improvements in survival. However, not all families have the resources to cope with the burden that such diseases require. This study was aimed at evaluating the association between parental education and cancer mortality in children, adolescents, and young adults. METHODS: This was a case-cohort study based on 1889 cancer cases and 108,387 noncases sampled from the 2011 Italian census cohort of 10,964,837 individuals younger than 20 years and followed for 6 years. Mortality rate ratios (MRRs) were estimated for individuals with parents with high and intermediate levels of education (International Standard Classification of Education [ISCED] levels 5-8 and 3-4, respectively) in comparison with individuals with less educated parents (ISCED levels < 3) through multiple Poisson regression models. RESULTS: Over the follow-up, 684, 858, and 347 cancer cases with parents with the lowest, intermediate, and highest levels of education, respectively, were registered. In comparison with the individuals with parents with the lowest level of education, the MRR from all neoplasms was 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83-1.03) for those with parents with an intermediate level of education and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.72-0.95) for those with parents with the highest level of education. The MRRs from all neoplasms for individuals with parents with the highest level of education were 0.88 (95% CI, 0.69-1.11) among children, 0.87 (95% CI, 0.70-1.06) among adolescents, and 0.64 (95% CI, 0.50-0.83) among young adults. CONCLUSIONS: Children, adolescents, and young adults with highly educated parents have reduced mortality from cancer. This calls for further efforts to optimize treatment for children of less educated parents. Cancer 2020;126:4753-4760.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental education and cancer mortality in children, adolescents, and young adults: A case‐cohort study within the 2011 Italian census cohort

Alicandro

Bertuccio

Sebastiani

et al. 2020

Cancer

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“…A large body of literature reaching back over three decades has documented the substantial health advantage enjoyed by immigrants over their native-born counterparts. In the United States, this is manifested in immigrants’ lower rates of heart and circulatory disease, respiratory illness, disability, cigarette smoking, and adult mortality ( Blue & Fenelon, 2011 ; Cunningham et al, 2008 ; Dupre et al, 2012 ; Elo et al, 2011 ; Guillot et al, 2018 ; Hallowell et al, 2019 ; Hendi et al, 2015 ; Huang et al, 2011 ; Mehta et al, 2016 ; Riosmena et al, 2017 ; Singh & Hiatt, 2006 ). Several studies have demonstrated that Hispanic and Asian ethnic groups tend to have mortality rates lower than or comparable to those of non-Hispanic whites ( Elo & Preston, 1997 ; Lauderdale & Kestenbaum, 2002 ; Markides & Coreil, 1986 ; Markides & Eschbach, 2005 ; Singh & Miller, 2004 ; Singh & Siahpush, 2002 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immigration and improvements in American life expectancy

Hendi

2021

SSM - Population Health

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Despite the immigrant mortality advantage and the increasing share of the population born abroad, relatively little is known about how immigration has impacted trends in US life expectancy. How immigrants contribute to national life expectancy trends is of increasing interest, particularly in the context of an unprecedented stagnation in American mortality. We find that immigration increases US life expectancy by 1.5 years for men and 1.4 years for women. Over half of these contributions occur at the prime working ages of 25–64. The difference between foreign-born and US-born mortality has grown substantially since 1990, with the ratio of US-born to foreign-born mortality rates nearly doubling by 2017. In that year, foreign-born life expectancy reached 81.4 and 85.7 years for men and women, respectively—7.0 and 6.2 years higher than their US-origin counterparts. These life expectancy levels are remarkable by most standards. Foreign-born male life expectancy exceeds that of Swiss men, the world leaders in male life expectancy. Life expectancy for foreign-born women is close to that of Japanese women, the world leaders in female life expectancy. The widening mortality difference between the US-born and foreign-born populations, coupled with an increase in the share of the population born abroad, has been responsible for much of the increase in national life expectancy in recent years. Between 2007 and 2017, foreign-born men and women were responsible for 44% and 60% of national life expectancy improvements. Between 2010 and 2017, immigrants experienced gains while the US-born experienced declines in life expectancy. Thus, nearly all of the post-2010 mortality stagnation is due to adverse trends among the US-born. Without immigrants and their children, national life expectancy in 2017 would be reduced to its 2003 levels. These findings demonstrate that immigration acts to bolster American life expectancy, with particularly valuable contributions at the prime working ages.

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“…There is evidence that in some countries with a long history of immigration, the immigrant population, in general, has a lower mortality pattern than the native population. This pattern has been observed both in general mortality, in cancer mortality, and in some specific causes of cancer [ 7 , 9 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Cancer Mortality Trends in Spain (2000–2016): Differences between Immigrant and Native Populations

Oliva-Arocas

Pereyra-Zamora

Copete

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Spain’s population has changed thanks to recent immigration. Therefore, a new epidemiological and demographic profile has been generated in the country. This study aims to analyze immigrant and native cancer mortality trends in Spain for the period 2000 to 2016. An ecological study of trends was carried out. Age-standardized rates of cancer mortality (ASR) and annual percentage change (APC) between groups and study sub-periods were calculated. Significant decreases in ASR were observed for cancer in both the native and the immigrant populations, in both men and women. However, in 2014–2016, there was an increase in ASR in the immigrant population compared to 2011–2013, due to the increase in ASR among immigrants from European regions. Differences in ASR by cancer between immigrant and native populations residing in Spain have been identified, both in the rate of decline and magnitude as well as by the birth region of the immigrant population. The increase observed in the cancer mortality trend at the end of the period in some immigrant groups indicates the need to monitor these indicators given the demographic, social, and economic changes.

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Cancer mortality rates among US and foreign-born individuals: United States 2005–2014

Cited by 24 publications

References 27 publications

Parental education and cancer mortality in children, adolescents, and young adults: A case‐cohort study within the 2011 Italian census cohort

Parental education and cancer mortality in children, adolescents, and young adults: A case‐cohort study within the 2011 Italian census cohort

Immigration and improvements in American life expectancy

Cancer Mortality Trends in Spain (2000–2016): Differences between Immigrant and Native Populations

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