Cancer incidence and mortality in serving whole-time Scottish firefighters 1984-2005

Ide, C. W.

doi:10.1093/occmed/kqu080

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A recent analysis of cancer incidence in five Nordic studies demonstrated increased rates of melanoma in the 30–49 year cohort, while rates of non-melanoma skin cancer were only elevated in those 70 years and older [ 35 ]. This was again supported by another study of Scottish firefighters where melanoma incidence was statistically significantly elevated [ 36 ]. In contrast to these aforementioned findings, a low incidence of melanoma was demonstrated in a comparable group of firefighters ages 30–59 in another study [ 37 ].…”

Section: Epidemiologic Studies Of Shift Work and Carcinogenicitysupporting

confidence: 61%

Circadian Dysrhythmias, Physiological Aberrations, and the Link to Skin Cancer

Gutiérrez

Arbesman

2016

IJMS

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Circadian rhythms are core regulators of a variety of mammalian physiologic processes and oscillate in a 24-h pattern. Many peripheral organs possess endogenous rhythmicity that is then modulated by a master clock; the skin is one of these peripheral organs. The dysregulation of rhythms is associated with decreased ability to ameliorate cellular stressors at a local and global level, which then increases the propensity for the development of neoplastic growths. In this article, we review the implications of altered circadian rhythms on DNA repair as well as modified gene expression of core clock proteins with particular focus on skin models. These findings are then correlated with epidemiologic data regarding skin cancer to showcase the effects of circadian disruption on this phenomenon.

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Section: Epidemiologic Studies Of Shift Work and Carcinogenicitysupporting

confidence: 61%

Circadian Dysrhythmias, Physiological Aberrations, and the Link to Skin Cancer

Gutiérrez

Arbesman

2016

IJMS

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“…Risk of early onset prostate cancer in workers 30‐49‐years old was elevated in a sample of Nordic country public safety workers which included firefighters (SIR = 1.71; 1.23‐2.31), when compared to results for older public safety workers (SIR = 1.10; 1.07‐1.14) 58 . An earlier analysis of Nordic workers, which looked specifically at firefighters younger than the age of 50, found a stronger association with prostate cancer 59 . This Nordic study also reported an elevated risk of melanoma in younger firefighters (SIR = 1.62; 1.14‐2.73), not as strong a finding as seen in Florida firefighters (OR = 1.87; 1.55‐2.26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…58 An earlier analysis of Nordic workers, which looked specifically at firefighters younger than the age of 50, found a stronger association with prostate cancer. 59 This Nordic study also reported an elevated risk of melanoma in younger firefighters Table S11). 60 In Florida, risk estimates for bladder (aOR = 1.13; 0.72-1.79) and kidney (1.19; 0.88-1.60) cancer were not as strong, while there was no evidence of increased risk for esophageal cancer in firefighters younger than the age of 50 (0.49; 0.20-1.18).…”

Section: Sensitivity Analysesmentioning

confidence: 79%

Cancer risk among career male and female Florida firefighters: Evidence from the Florida Firefighter Cancer Registry (1981‐2014)

Lee

Koru‐Sengul

Hernandez

et al. 2020

American J Industrial Med

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Background Firefighters are at increased risk for select cancers. However, many studies are limited by relatively small samples, with virtually no data on the cancer experience of female firefighters. This study examines cancer risk in over 100,000 career Florida firefighters including 5000 + females assessed over a 34‐year period. Methods Florida firefighter employment records (n = 109 009) were linked with Florida Cancer Data System registry data (1981‐2014; ~3.3 million records), identifying 3760 male and 168 female‐linked primary cancers. Gender‐specific age and calendar year‐adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals for firefighters vs non‐firefighters were calculated. Results Male firefighters were at increased risk of melanoma (aOR = 1.56; 1.39‐1.76), prostate (1.36; 1.27‐1.46), testicular (1.66; 1.34‐2.06), thyroid (2.17; 1.78‐2.66) and late‐stage colon cancer (1.19;1.00‐1.41). Female firefighters showed significantly elevated risk of brain (2.54; 1.19‐5.42) and thyroid (2.42; 1.56‐3.74) cancers and an elevated risk of melanoma that approached statistical significance (1.68; 0.97‐2.90). Among male firefighters there was additional evidence of increased cancer risk younger than the age of 50 vs 50 years and older for thyroid (2.55; 1.96‐3.31 vs 1.69; 1.22‐2.34), prostate (1.88; 1.49‐2.36 vs 1.36; 1.26‐1.47), testicular (1.60; 1.28‐2.01 vs 1.47; 0.73‐2.94), and melanoma (1.87; 1.55‐2.26 vs 1.42; 1.22‐1.66) cancers. Conclusion Male career firefighters in Florida are at increased risk for five cancers with typically stronger associations in those diagnosed younger than the age of 50, while there was evidence for increased thyroid and brain cancer, and possibly melanoma risk in female firefighters. Larger cohorts with adequate female representation, along with the collection of well‐characterized exposure histories, are needed to more precisely examine cancer risk in this occupational group.

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“…Only recently have these cancers (myelomas, lymphomas, melanomas, leukaemia, prostate, testicular, brain, digestive tract and skin cancers), and the carcinogenicity of the PAH and other compounds identified in fire effluents, been combined to estimate the carcinogenicity of fire effluents [51,52,53,54]. [55].…”

Section: Assessment Of Fire Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire toxicity – The elephant in the room?

Stec

2017

Fire Safety Journal

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Fire toxicity is the largest cause of death and injury from unwanted fires, yet it is the least well studied area of fire science and engineering. Fire toxicity increases by factors up to 50, as the fire becomes underventilated. This has proved difficult, but not impossible, to replicate in a controlled way on a bench-scale. Clear correlations have been observed between the stoichiometric equivalence ratio, and the yields of the major asphyxiants, carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide. In addition, irritant components of fire effluents, which have an instantaneous effect, can incapacitate fire victims, trapping them in a fire. However, the longer term toxicants present in fire effluents, such as the carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and the microscopic particulates which result from their agglomeration are probably responsible for hundreds or thousands more deaths than the acute asphyxiants and irritants.

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Cancer incidence and mortality in serving whole-time Scottish firefighters 1984-2005

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

Circadian Dysrhythmias, Physiological Aberrations, and the Link to Skin Cancer

Circadian Dysrhythmias, Physiological Aberrations, and the Link to Skin Cancer

Cancer risk among career male and female Florida firefighters: Evidence from the Florida Firefighter Cancer Registry (1981‐2014)

Fire toxicity – The elephant in the room?

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