Cancer cell proliferation is inhibited by specific modulation frequencies

Abstract

Background:There is clinical evidence that very low and safe levels of amplitude-modulated electromagnetic fields administered via an intrabuccal spoon-shaped probe may elicit therapeutic responses in patients with cancer. However, there is no known mechanism explaining the anti-proliferative effect of very low intensity electromagnetic fields.Methods:To understand the mechanism of this novel approach, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells were exposed to 27.12 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields using in vitro exposure systems designed to replicate in vivo conditions. Cancer cells were exposed to tumour-specific modulation frequencies, previously identified by biofeedback methods in patients with a diagnosis of cancer. Control modulation frequencies consisted of randomly chosen modulation frequencies within the same 100 Hz–21 kHz range as cancer-specific frequencies.Results:The growth of HCC and breast cancer cells was significantly decreased by HCC-specific and breast cancer-specific modulation frequencies, respectively. However, the same frequencies did not affect proliferation of nonmalignant hepatocytes or breast epithelial cells. Inhibition of HCC cell proliferation was associated with downregulation of XCL2 and PLP2. Furthermore, HCC-specific modulation frequencies disrupted the mitotic spindle.Conclusion:These findings uncover a novel mechanism controlling the growth of cancer cells at specific modulation frequencies without affecting normal tissues, which may have broad implications in oncology.

Use of Mobile and Cordless Phones and Survival of Patients with Glioma

“…The effect might depend on both the level and time of exposure. Interestingly, an anti-tumour effect of EMF was shown for patients with advanced hepatocellular cancer [18], and the growth of hepatocellular and breast cancer cells was significantly decreased by specific modulation EMF frequencies [19]. …”

Nanoheating without Artificial Nanoparticles

“…Since the multiple voltage-gated ionic channels are concentrated in the dense cluster, multiple stochastic resonance frequencies exist there. It is possible that the 'magic' frequencies in [68][69][70] could be explained in a similar way.…”

Electromagnetic field investigation on different cancer cell lines

“…As recently summarized [13] Zimmermann, 2013), these studies showed that anticancer effects were achieved at specific (for the cancer cell type) modulation frequencies and demonstrated proliferative inhibition and mitotic spindle disruption following exposure to alternating electric fields [10,11]. Furthermore, bridging important aspects of apoptosis [14,15] with extremely low frequency (ELF) pulsed-gradient magnetic fields, Zhang et al [16] showed that the latter can not only induce it, but may also block the development of neovascularization required for tumour supply.…”

“…The last decade also brought a number of in vitro and in vivo studies which documented the anticancer effects of alternating electric fields [9][10][11], including low-intensity intermediate frequency (100-300 KHz) alternating electric fields, as well as amplitude-modulated electromagnetic fields (EMF) of somewhat lower frequencies (0.1 Hz to 114 KHz) [12]. As recently summarized [13] Zimmermann, 2013), these studies showed that anticancer effects were achieved at specific (for the cancer cell type) modulation frequencies and demonstrated proliferative inhibition and mitotic spindle disruption following exposure to alternating electric fields [10,11].…”