Canadian migration destinations of recent immigrants and interprovincial migrants: similarities, differences and explanations

Abstract

Canadian Census data for 1981–2006 is used to document substantial differences in the destination locations of immigrants and interprovincial migrants. These differences have increased over time as have differences in the characteristics of the two migrant groups. Differences in age, education, and marital status of the two migrant groups explain little of the observed differences. Visible minority status and language differences are somewhat more important; however, much of the difference in migrant group destinations cannot be explained by measured characteristics.

Gravity models of interprovincial migration flows in Canada with hierarchical multifactor structure

“…The interprovincial migrants flows have been on a declining trend till the mid 1990s, after which they became rather stable. Such overall declining patterns broadly correspond to the stylised facts observed by Shannon (2015) in Canada and by Molloy et al (2011) in the US. Interprovincial migration flows in Canada were mostly flat since 2000, though it stepped up slightly in 2009 and remained substantially below the US interstate migration flows.…”

“…Interprovincial migration flows in Canada were mostly flat since 2000, though it stepped up slightly in 2009 and remained substantially below the US interstate migration flows. Shannon (2015) explains that the decline in the interprovincial migrant share may be driven by an environment change (i.e. factors creating poorer conditions at destination), which renders the migration less attractive.…”

“…Interprovincial migration flows can provide significant economic benefits by reallocating labour from the low-productivity regions with high unemployment to the high-productivity regions with low unemployment. Shannon (2015) highlights that the lack of immigration in some regions in Canada may raise concerns about the economic future of these regions, because little immigration implies declining population inflows as well as an inability to use immigration to deal with regional skill shortages. Indeed, this is an important policy issue, intensely debated in other developed countries due to the worsening of the economic gap among regions within the same country (e.g.…”

Examining Variations in the Prevalence of Diagnosed Mood or Anxiety Disorders Among Migrant Groups in Ontario, 1995–2015: A Population-Based, Repeated Cross-Sectional Study

“…We obtained data from ICES, which is an independent, nonprofit research institute whose legal status under Ontario's health information privacy law allows it to collect and analyze health care and demographic data, without consent, for health system evaluation and improvement. We accessed data on mood and anxiety disorders from the following databases: (i) Ontario Health Insurance Plan (OHIP;1994-2015, which covers (>96%) of the population of Ontario with universal coverage of all medically necessary services. 20 OHIP contains physician billing data, including billings from primary care and emergency department physicians; (ii) Ontario Mental Health Reporting System (OMHRS; 2005-2014), which includes data on adult inpatient psychiatric hospitalizations to designated psychiatric beds 21 ; (iii) Discharge Abstract Database (DAD; 1995-2014), which captures data on all inpatient hospitalizations, including psychiatric hospitalizations not captured in OMHRS.…”

“…Furthermore, estimating the generalizability of our findings to other provinces in Canada is challenging due to provincial variation in mental health service provisions and the proportion of migrant groups living in various provinces. 54,55…”