“…The fact that education is recognized as a crucial tool for fostering economic and social change, human growth, and development in a variety of fields, including science, health sciences, technology, engineering, culture, and education, has led to the internationalization of many Africans and international students at both Canadian and American higher education institutions over the years (Boafo-Arthur, 2014;Hurley et al, 2021;Inyama et al, 2016;Netierman, 2021;Okeke-Ihejirika, 2020;Pinder, 2014). Many studies have however described the increase of international students as a response to the global demands and internationalization of universities for recruitment, enhancement of institutional profiles and contacts, improvement in the quality of students, response to international students' needs, and, generation of revenue for their economies (Belkhoja, 2013;Boafo-Arthur, 2014;Okeke-Ihejirika, 2020). According to the Canadian Bureau for International Education (2022), 807,750 international students were studying at all levels of education as of December 2022, 96% of international students recommend Canada as a destination for their studies, and 60% of international students intended to apply for permanent residency in Canada.…”