Can the combination of decreased pH and increased temperature values induce oxidative stress in the clam Chamelea gallina and the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis?

Effects of ocean acidification on immune responses of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

“…The role of these antioxidant systems can be of great importance in response to environmental stress in aquatic animals [41]. Previous studies have demonstrated that OA exposure could generally cause oxidative stress in bivalve, sea urchin and coral [37,38,42,43]. In this study, the activities of antioxidant enzymes and GSH and MDA levels in gills did not change significantly on Day 7 and Day 14, suggesting this oyster could maintain its redox homeostasis in gills under elevated pCO 2 exposure levels.…”

“…In C. virginica, SOD expression was up-regulated in the mantle tissue of oysters under elevated pCO 2 condition (pH7.5) [42]. In the clam Chamelea gallina and the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, OA stress also generally caused increases in antioxidant enzyme activities after exposure for 7 days [43]. In other marine invertebrate, the mRNA expression of oxidoreductase (CAT, FAD linked oxidase and selenoprotein) was also up-regulated in high pCO 2 treated coral at day 28 [37].…”

Optimal dietary protein level improved growth, disease resistance, intestinal immune and physical barrier function of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

“…The catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were assayed as described by Li et al [54]. The glutathione-S-transferases (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were measured according to Matozzo et al [55] and Chen et al [4], respectively.…”

Hemocyte responses of the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus exposed to nano-TiO 2 and seawater acidification

“…If such acidification trend continues to intensify, a wide range of marine invertebrate species (Fabry et al, 2008;Kroeker et al, 2013;Orr et al, 2005), including 63% of echinoderms and 51.6% of mollusks, will have difficulty maintaining healthy and normal physiological activities (Lewis et al, 2016). For example, the exposure to acidified seawater strongly affects immune parameters in Chamelea gallina and Mytilus galloprovincialis (Matozzo et al, 2013). Hence, the physiological adaptations of marine organisms to ocean acidification should be studied to predict their ecological consequence (Fitzer et al, 2014).…”