Can Scalable Design of Wings for Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicle Be Inspired by Natural Flyers?

Nan, Yanghai; Peng, Bei; Chen, Leo; Feng, Zhenyu; McGlinchey, Don

doi:10.1155/2018/9538328

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…where , W is the weight, m is the mass of flyer, g is the gravitational acceleration. Total surface can be written as [81] A ∼ l 2 ≈ (m…”

Section: Morphology Of Wings and Geometric Similaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the different combinations of wing loading and aspect ratio allow a natural flyer to adopt particular flight pattern and foraging strategies [94]. And the concept of p w − AR ratio is introduced in paper [81], which is…”

Section: B Aspect Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…. p w − AR Ratio has the same physical unit of wing loading, so it may be used to evaluate the wing performances as performance index, detail see in paper [81].…”

Section: B Aspect Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

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From Studying Real Hummingbirds to Designing Hummingbird-Like Robots—A Literature Review

et al. 2019

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In this paper, the interpretation of hovering flight for hummingbirds is studied from a hummingbird morphology perspective (muscle and skeleton) including weight distribution, followed by a discussion of hovering aerodynamics. Next, by studying the scale laws, geometry similarity, and statistical analysis on wing parameters, the parametric relation between wing performances and weight is studied, followed by flapping wing micro autonomous drones (FWMADs) design. The efficiency of the designed wings based on the scaling law is verified by flying test. Material difference and methods of design are summarized. Last, the morphology of bird's tails is presented, and then the designs of tails are introduced, followed by discussion of tail performances. The results show that the tail could be predicted to apply to the stability of hovering twin-wing FWMADs. The current studies provide a simple but powerful guideline for biologists and engineers who study the morphology of hummingbirds and design FWMADs.INDEX TERMS Hummingbird morphology, hovering flapping flight, FWMAD, bio-inspired fabrication, weight distribution, wing design.

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“…where , W is the weight, m is the mass of flyer, g is the gravitational acceleration. Total surface can be written as [81] A ∼ l 2 ≈ (m…”

Section: Morphology Of Wings and Geometric Similaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Aspect Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

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From Studying Real Hummingbirds to Designing Hummingbird-Like Robots—A Literature Review

et al. 2019

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“…However, owing to the nonlinear, time-varying, and periodic nature of these systems, describing the mechanics of tailless FWMAVs is still a considerable challenge. In addition, as tailless FWMAVs have different wing configurations [54][55][56][57], actuators, and control mechanisms [19,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39], they cannot be fully generalized. Many efforts have been made to model the flapping kinematics, aerodynamics, and flight dynamics of flyers and FWMAVs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Mode System Identification of an Insect-like Tailless Flapping-Wing Micro Air Vehicle Using Onboard Sensors

Aurecianus

Park

et al. 2022

Applied Sciences

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In this paper, model parameter identification results are presented for a longitudinal mode dynamic model of an insect-like tailless flapping-wing micro air vehicle (FWMAV) using angle and angular rate data from onboard sensors only. A gray box model approach with indirect method was utilized with adaptive Gauss–Newton, Levenberg–Marquardt, and gradient search identification methods. Regular and low-frequency reference commands were mainly used for identification since they gave higher fit percentages than irregular and high-frequency reference commands. Dynamic parameters obtained using three identification methods with two different datasets were similar to each other, indicating that the obtained dynamic model was sufficiently reliable. Most of the identified dynamic model parameters had similar values to the computationally obtained ones, except stability derivatives for pitching moment with forward velocity and pitching rate variations. Differences were mainly due to certain neglected body, nonlinear dynamics, and the shift of the center of gravity. Fit percentage of the identified dynamic model (~49%) was more than two-fold higher than that of the computationally obtained one (~22%). Frequency domain analysis showed that the identified model was much different from that of the computationally obtained one in the frequency range of 0.3 rad/s to 5 rad/s, which affected transient responses. Both dynamic models showed that the phase margin was very low, and that it should be increased by a feedback controller to have a robustly stable system. The stable dominant pole of the identified model had a higher magnitude which resulted in faster responses. The identified dynamic model exhibited much closer responses to experimental flight data in pitching motion than the computationally obtained dynamic model, demonstrating that the identified dynamic model could be used for the design of more effective pitch angle-stabilizing controllers.

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“…Yang et al [ 3 ] fabricated a smart wing with polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF)-parylene composite skin by an MEMS process and a four-bar linkage transmission system for flapping wings. Comparisons of flapping-wing micro-aerial vehicles (FW-MAVs) are given Table 1 [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Processing Parameters of Transmission Parts of a Flapping-Wing Micro-Aerial Vehicle Using Precision Injection Molding

et al. 2022

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In this study, we designed and fabricated transmission parts for a flapping-wing micro-aerial vehicle (FW-MAV), which was fabricated by precision injection molding, and analyzed its warpage phenomena. First, a numerical simulation (Moldflow) was used to analyze the runner balance and temperature, pressure, and stress distributions of the base, gears, and linkage of the transmission structures in an FW-MAV. These data were then applied to fabricate a steel mold for an FW-MAV. Various process parameters (i.e., injection temperature, mold temperature, injection pressure, and packing time) for manufacturing transmission parts for the FW-MAV by precision injection molding were compared. The Taguchi method was employed to determine causes of warpage in the transmission parts. The experimental results revealed that the causes of warpage in the transmission parts were, in order of importance, the mold temperature, injection pressure, packing time, and injection temperature. After the transmission parts were assembled on the FW-MAV, experiments revealed that the MAV could achieve a flight time of 180 s. Mass production of the FW-MAV by precision injection molding could potentially produce substantial savings in time, manpower, and cost.

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Can Scalable Design of Wings for Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicle Be Inspired by Natural Flyers?

Cited by 6 publications

References 81 publications

From Studying Real Hummingbirds to Designing Hummingbird-Like Robots—A Literature Review

From Studying Real Hummingbirds to Designing Hummingbird-Like Robots—A Literature Review

Longitudinal Mode System Identification of an Insect-like Tailless Flapping-Wing Micro Air Vehicle Using Onboard Sensors

Optimal Processing Parameters of Transmission Parts of a Flapping-Wing Micro-Aerial Vehicle Using Precision Injection Molding

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