From Studying Real Hummingbirds to Designing Hummingbird-Like Robots—A Literature Review

Nan, Yanghai; Peng, Bei; Chen, Leo; McGlinchey, Don

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2939491

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…In the SCSM, however, the variations in these values are much larger as τ changes from 0 to 0.5. The maximum of ϕ L increases by 13.69 °from 45.00 °to 58.69 °, and the minimum decreases by 12.89 °from −28.29 °to −41.18 °. Additionally, ϕ 0L increases by 13.14 °from 36.65 °to 49.79 °, and the increment of amplitude η is as high as 35.85%.…”

Section: Comparison Of Flapping Anglesmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Mechanism and Kinematics for Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicles Maneuvering Based on Bilateral Wings

Zhang

et al. 2022

International Journal of Aerospace Engineering

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With the development and application of a bionic flapping micro aircraft vehicle (FMAV), further requirements for its high maneuvering flight characteristics have been put forward. A controlling tail cannot meet the requirements of the maneuvering flight of insect-sized FMAVs, and it has become necessary to find new mechanisms for high maneuvering flight. In this study, two flapping mechanisms with movable hinges based on a double crank rocker mechanism (DCRM) and a single crank slider mechanism (SCSM) are proposed. The instantaneous flapping angles, their extremum and means, and the flapping amplitudes of the two mechanisms are studied for various hinge offsets. A comparison between these two mechanisms indicates that the mechanism based on SCSM is more appropriate in providing adjustable flapping amplitudes for lateral wings. Finally, a dragonfly-like prototype assembled using a carbon fiber plate with adjustable wings is designed and manufactured based on the SCSM. Flight tests are conducted to show that the rack and pinion mechanism can accomplish the movement of hinges neatly, and the proposed flapping mechanism makes left turns and right turns effectively while continuing to fly forward. The prototype is good in terms of crashworthiness and the replacement of components, and it offers an easy and reliable technique for the maneuvering flight of FMAVs.

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Section: Comparison Of Flapping Anglesmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Ristroph et al [9], Vogel [10], Muijres [11], and Meng and Sun [12]; and studies of hummingbirds by Nan et al [13,14], Fei et al [15], and Timmermans et al [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism and Kinematics for Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicles Maneuvering Based on Bilateral Wings

Zhang

et al. 2022

International Journal of Aerospace Engineering

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“…direct muscles: (a) the wing is stroked up by contracting the elevator muscles, (b) the wing is stroked down by shortening the depressor muscles [8] In the IDM (Fig. 2), the wing roots are linked to the upper and lower thorax shells, muscles are also connected to the muscle shells.…”

Section: Rys 1 Diagrammatic Cross-section Of Insect Direct Driving mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of resonant propulsion flapping wing micro aerial vehicle

Feng¹,

Sibilski²

2020

Mechanika W Lotnictwie ML-XIX 2020

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This article is concerned with the resonant property which is exhibited in insect flight, and analyzes how resonant propulsion works when implemented in powering a flapping wing micro aerial vehicle. This article is divided into three parts. In the first part, information regarding to insect flight, the resonant property, and flapping wing micro aerial vehicles are described. In the second part, mathematical models representing the micro aerial vehicle (basing on the model developed by Bolsman) are applied, simplified and built into simulation in MATLAB. Some interesting properties from the simulations are presented.

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“…1 a). The direct type wing actuation system was inspired from those of hummingbirds 33 , 34 and the hummingbird-like flapping wing robot 23 . The torsional spring (33-0437 for the right wing, 34-0437 for the left wing, Samini Co., Ltd) can restore energy and help generate smooth flapping motion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First lift-off and flight performance of a tailless flapping-wing aerial robot in high-altitude environments

Tsuchiya

Aono

Asai

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Flapping flight of animals has captured the interest of researchers due to their impressive flight capabilities across diverse environments including mountains, oceans, forests, and urban areas. Despite the significant progress made in understanding flapping flight, high-altitude flight as showcased by many migrating animals remains underexplored. At high-altitudes, air density is low, and it is challenging to produce lift. Here we demonstrate a first lift-off of a flapping wing robot in a low-density environment through wing size and motion scaling. Force measurements showed that the lift remained high at 0.14 N despite a 66% reduction of air density from the sea-level condition. The flapping amplitude increased from 148 to 233 degrees, while the pitch amplitude remained nearly constant at 38.2 degrees. The combined effect is that the flapping-wing robot benefited from the angle of attack that is characteristic of flying animals. Our results suggest that it is not a simple increase in the flapping frequency, but a coordinated increase in the wing size and reduction in flapping frequency enables the flight in lower density condition. The key mechanism is to preserve the passive rotations due to wing deformation, confirmed by a bioinspired scaling relationship. Our results highlight the feasibility of flight under a low-density, high-altitude environment due to leveraging unsteady aerodynamic mechanisms unique to flapping wings. We anticipate our experimental demonstration to be a starting point for more sophisticated flapping wing models and robots for autonomous multi-altitude sensing. Furthermore, it is a preliminary step towards flapping wing flight in the ultra-low density Martian atmosphere.

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From Studying Real Hummingbirds to Designing Hummingbird-Like Robots—A Literature Review

Cited by 10 publications

References 128 publications

Mechanism and Kinematics for Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicles Maneuvering Based on Bilateral Wings

Mechanism and Kinematics for Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicles Maneuvering Based on Bilateral Wings

Analysis of resonant propulsion flapping wing micro aerial vehicle

First lift-off and flight performance of a tailless flapping-wing aerial robot in high-altitude environments

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