Can Kelp Extract (KELPAK®) be Useful in Seaweed Mariculture?

Robertson-Andersson, Deborah; Leitao, Daniela; Bolton, John J.; Njobeni, A.; Ruck, Kevin

doi:10.1007/s10811-006-9030-1

Cited by 37 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…in all tested concentrations forming small red patches along the thalli. -Andersson et al (2006) examined the effects of Kelpak® commercial extract made from Ecklonia maxima (Osbeck) Papenfuss on the red alga Gracilaria gracilis (Stackhouse) Steentoft, Irvine, et Farnham cultivated in vitro and later experimentally in commercial cultivation to verify the effect of this extract on the growth of Ulva lactuca Linnaeus obtaining significant results on growth rate (control-2.8% d −1 and best treatment result-1:1.000 concentration 6.1% d −1 ). Different from our study, the extract was added to the seawater where the algae were being cultivated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro cultivation of three Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta, Areschougiaceae) variants (green, red and brown) exposed to a commercial extract of the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum (Fucaceae, Ochrophyta)

2009

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In vitro cultivation of three Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta, Areschougiaceae) variants (green, red and brown) exposed to a commercial extract of the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum (Fucaceae, Ochrophyta) Abstract Diseases such as "ice-ice" and "goose bumps" are responsible for loss of almost 70% of infected Kappaphycus production. To improve the growth of K. alvarezii and reduce the impact of diseases, the effect of the commercial Ascophyllum nodosum extract was tested. Five grams of apical branches of each K. alvarezii variant (n=6) were bathed at different extract concentrations (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 g L −1 ) for 1 hour. To test the effect of the extract on epiphytes apical tips were not cleaned. After 2 weeks, the epiphytes such as Cladophora sp. and Ulva sp. disappeared. Polysiphonia subtilissima survived but its appearance was weak. The highest K. alvarezii growth rates were observed at extract concentrations of 15 and 20 g L −1 (p<0.001), almost double the expected for a 45-day production cycle used at Sepetiba Bay, Brazil. These results show that the extract was efficient at improving the growth of K. alvarezii and reducing the presence of some epiphytes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro cultivation of three Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta, Areschougiaceae) variants (green, red and brown) exposed to a commercial extract of the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum (Fucaceae, Ochrophyta)

2009

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“…The culture of Ulva spp. in nutrient-rich water increases their protein content roughly 3 to 10 fold (Shpigel et al, 1999;Boarder & Shpigel, 2001;Robertson-Andersson, 2004;Robertson-Andersson et al, 2006). This enriched Ulva has subsequently been shown to improve growth in, for example H. tuberculata (Neori et al, 1998;Shpigel et al, 1999), H. discus hannai (Shpigel et al, 1999), and H. roei (Boarder & Shpigel, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ulva lactuca and G. gracilis for the mixed diet were obtained on the farm from a cultured stock grown in abalone and fish (turbot) effluent. These seaweeds grown in abalone and turbot effluent have considerably higher nitrogen content than seaweed collected from local seashores (RobertsonAndersson, 2004;Robertson-Andersson et al, 2006). Ulva lactuca grown in these systems has an average protein content of 33.4% when grown in abalone waste, and 36.6% when grown in turbot waste as opposed to 3.7-19.9% in wild U. lactuca (Robertson-Andersson, 2004).…”

Section: Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Various Seaweed-Based Diets and Formulated Feed on Growth Rate of Abalone in a Land-Based Aquaculture System

Naidoo

Maneveldt

Ruck³

et al. 2006

J Appl Phycol

120

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The effects of different diets on growth in the cultured South African abalone, Haliotis midae (Linnaeus), was investigated. Growth of juvenile Haliotis midae was monitored on a commercial abalone farm over a period of 9 months in an experiment consisting of 9 treatments with 4 replicates (n = 250 individuals per replicate). The treatments were: fresh kelp (Ecklonia maxima) blades (seaweed control); Abfeed R (formulated feed control); kelp + Abfeed R ; dried kelp pellets; dried kelp blades; dried kelp stipes; fresh kelp with the epiphyte Carpoblepharis flaccida; a mixed diet (Gracilaria gracilis, Ulva lactuca, and kelp) and a rotational diet (abalone were fed 1 of the 9 treatments for the first week and them kelp for the next 3 weeks). Results show that abalone grow well on all fresh seaweed combinations, but grow best on a mixed diet. The likely reason for the success of the mixed diet is that the red and green seaweed was farm grown, with an increased protein content. Dried kelp in any form produced poor growth. Abalone fed on the mixed diet grew at 0.066 mm day −1 shell length and 0.074 g day −1 body weight; this corresponds to 24.09 mm shell length and 27.01 g body weight increase per annum. Abalone fed on dried kelp grew at only 0.029 mm day −1 shell length and of 0.021 g day −1 body weight. Abalone grown on Abfeed R grew at 0.049 mm day −1 shell length and 0.046 g day −1 body weight which corresponds to 17.88 mm and 16.79 g increase per annum; this is better than the dried seaweed feeds, but poorer than the fresh seaweed combinations. This study shows that seaweed diets, particularly if the diets include seaweeds grown in animal aquaculture effluent, are good substitutes for the formulated feed generally used today.

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“…The present study showed that dipping of the three color morphotypes of K. alvarezii for 30 min at the lower AMPEP concentrations of 0.01-0.1 g L −1 resulted in higher growth rates compared to the controls. The active compounds of the seaweed extract must be applied in small doses to be effective, as also claimed by Robertson-Anderson et al (2006). The proliferation of young multiple shoots of the three color morphotypes of K. alvarezii and the yellowish brown K. alvarezii, grown in a commercial nursery, after 10-14 days of field growth could be attributed to the presence of growth promoters which stimulated auxin-like activity which further promoted shoot growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…A single dose of 1:2,500 concentration, or in combination with aquaculture effluent water was used for the growth of the green, abalone feed species Ulva in a pilot-scale, commercial evaluation (Robertson-Anderson et al 2006). In a previous study by the authors of this study, A. nodosum extract powder promoted early shoot formation in the tissue culture of three varieties of Kappaphycus (Hurtado et al 2009.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Investigation of the application of Acadian Marine Plant Extract Powder (AMPEP) to enhance the growth, phenolic content, free radical scavenging, and iron chelating activities of Kappaphycus Doty (Solieriaceae, Gigartinales, Rhodophyta)

Hurtado¹,

Joe²,

Sanares

et al. 2012

J Appl Phycol

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An optimization study on concentration (viz. 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 g L −1 ) and dipping time (i.e., 30 and 60 min) was conducted on three different color morphotypes (i.e., reddish brown, yellowish brown and purple) of the commercial carrageenophyte Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty. The study tested the efficacy of Acadian Marine Plant Extract Powder (AMPEP) on the growth rate and occurrence of macro-epiphytes from August to November, representing the wet season of the Philippines. The optimum concentration and dipping time were obtained at 0.1 g L −1 and 30 min, respectively. These optimum parameters were then further verified in a commercial nursery using the yellowish brown morphotype. In another experiment, K. alvarezii (tambalang purple morphotype) and Kappaphycus striatum (Schmitz) Doty (sacol green morphotype) with, and without, AMPEP dippings were tested for their total phenolic content, free radical scavenging and iron chelating activities. Seaweed dipped in AMPEP demonstrated higher growth rates than the control. Lower concentrations (i.e., 0.01-0.1 g L −1 ) and shorter dipping time (e.g., 30 min) produced higher growth rates than the highest concentration (1.0 g L −1 ) and longer (60 min) dipping time. The presence of macro-epiphytes such as filamentous Ulva did not adversely affect the robust growth of the three color morphotypes of K. alvarezii. The lowest and highest growth rates obtained in a commercial seaweed nursery using the optimum concentration and dipping time of AMPEP were observed in July and January with 0.8% and 6.7% day −1 , respectively. The antioxidant content of K. alvarezii (tambalang purple) and K. striatum (sacol green) responded differently to AMPEP dipping. The changes in total antioxidant activity followed almost the same trend as in phenolic content, in both K. alvarezii (tambalang purple) and K. striatum (sacol green), whereas, the iron chelating ability of both seaweeds with and without AMPEP dipping varied monthly. The results obtained for the use of AMPEP dips for commercial Kappaphycus cultivation

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Can Kelp Extract (KELPAK®) be Useful in Seaweed Mariculture?

Cited by 37 publications

References 29 publications

In vitro cultivation of three Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta, Areschougiaceae) variants (green, red and brown) exposed to a commercial extract of the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum (Fucaceae, Ochrophyta)

In vitro cultivation of three Kappaphycus alvarezii (Rhodophyta, Areschougiaceae) variants (green, red and brown) exposed to a commercial extract of the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum (Fucaceae, Ochrophyta)

A Comparison of Various Seaweed-Based Diets and Formulated Feed on Growth Rate of Abalone in a Land-Based Aquaculture System

Investigation of the application of Acadian Marine Plant Extract Powder (AMPEP) to enhance the growth, phenolic content, free radical scavenging, and iron chelating activities of Kappaphycus Doty (Solieriaceae, Gigartinales, Rhodophyta)

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