Can gait speed test be used as a falls risk screening tool in community dwelling older adults? A review

Samah, Zunaidah Abu; Nordin, Nor Azlin Mohd; Shahar, Suzana; Singh, Devinder Kaur Ajit

doi:10.1016/j.poamed.2015.04.007

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Therefore, it renders itself unsuitable to be used for the purpose of fall risk screening among community dwelling older adults. Similarly, our earlier literature review findings regarding the suitability of GS as a falls screening tool among community dwelling older adults have highlighted the lack of its discriminative and predictive validity (Samah et al 2016). The mean (standard deviation) score for GS in this study is 1.05 (0.25) m per second which is within the normal range (from 0.94 to 1.34 m per second) reported amongst older adults aged between 60 and 99 years (Bohannon & Andrews 2011).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Discriminative and Predictive Ability of Physical Performance Measures in Identifying Fall Risk among Older Adults

Samah

Singh²,

Murukesu

et al. 2018

JSM

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Falls are a public health concern among older adults. There is a need to take significant measures such as screening for the risk of a fall as a means of prevention and management. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine discriminative and predictive ability of physical performance measures in identifying the risk of fall among Malaysian community dwelling older adults. Three hundred twenty-five Malaysian community dwelling older adults aged 60 years and above (67.67+ 5.5 years) participated in this study. This study was a part of a larger longitudinal study 'LRGS TUA'. Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA), a comprehensive tool for quantifying risk of fall was used as a standard measure of comparison to 6 Meter Gait Speed (GS), Timed Up and Go (TUG) and Walking While Talking (WWT) tests to establish discriminative and predictive ability. Participants recorded incidence of falls in a 'falls diary' over a span of six months. To determine the optimum cut off scores of the test identified to classify fall risk, receiver operator curves (ROC) were used and its sensitivity and specificity were calculated. A significant mean difference between fallers and non-fallers was demonstrated only with TUG test (p<0.05). TUG test cut off score in discriminating older adults at risk of fall was established at eight seconds, with a sensitivity and specificity of 83.95% and 32.4%, respectively, in this study. Eighty-four percent older adults who experienced a fall in our study were identified to be at risk of fall when screened using this TUG cut off score. Our study results suggested TUG test to be an optimal screening tool for risk of fall among community dwelling older adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Discriminative and Predictive Ability of Physical Performance Measures in Identifying Fall Risk among Older Adults

Samah

Singh²,

Murukesu

et al. 2018

JSM

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“…Entretanto, o risco de quedas foi categorizado com base em valores de velocidade da marcha, sugerindo que velocidades diminuídas entre idosos aumentam o risco de quedas. 17 Corrobora os resultados do estudo op cit a pesquisa desenvolvida com o objetivo de descrever as condi ções e relações entre força de preensão, velocidade da marcha e autoavaliação de saúde. Com uma amostra probabilística constituída por 689 idosos comunitários (≥65 anos), os participantes foram divididos em três grupos de acordo com o desempenho no teste de VM: idosos que pontuaram abaixo do quartil 1 (Q1) do tempo para percorrer a distância de 4,6 metros foram considerados velozes (24,45%); os que pontuaram entre o Q1 e o Q3 foram classificados como de velocidade intermediária (50,66%); e os que pontuaram acima do Q3, como lentos (24,89%).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Gait Speed and Occurrence of Falls in the Long-Lived Elderly

Lenardt¹,

Setoguchi²,

Betiolli³

et al. 2019

Reme Revista Mineira De Enfermagem

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Objetivo: analisar a relação entre a velocidade da marcha e a ocorrência de quedas em idosos longevos. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 243 idosos longevos (≥80 anos), usuários da atenção primária à saúde. A coleta de dados ocorreu nos domicílios dos participantes, mediante aplicação de questionário sociodemográfico e clínico e teste de velocidade da marcha. Realizaram-se análises descritivas e teste de associação entre variáveis (qui-quadrado), consideraram-se os valores de p≤0,05 estatisticamente significativos. Resultados: dos 243 longevos, 111 (45,7%) relataram quedas nos últimos 12 meses, 50 (20,6%) velocidade da marcha reduzida e, destes, 30 (60%) caíram no último ano. Entre os idosos com velocidade da marcha reduzida, houve predomínio do sexo feminino (n=33; 66%) e média de idade 86,24 anos (±4,64). A velocidade da marcha reduzida mostrou associação significativa com a ocorrência de quedas nos últimos 12 meses (p=0,023). Conclusão: a redução da velocidade da marcha em longevos mostra relação ao episódio de quedas, o qual esteve presente em mais da metade dos longevos com velocidade da marcha reduzida. Palavras-chave: Marcha; Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais; Idoso Fragilizado; Acidentes por Quedas; Enfermagem Geriátrica. ABSTR ACT Objetivo: to analyze the relationship between gait speed and fall occurrence in long-lived elderly. Method: a cross-sectional study with 243 long-lived elderly (≥80 years old), primary health care users. Data collect took place in the residences of the participants, using a socio-demographic and clinical questionnaire and a gait speed test. Descriptive analyses and an association test were performed among the variables (chi-square), the p≤0.05 values were considered statistically significant. Results: among the 243 long-lived elderly, 111 (45.7%) reported falls in the last 12 months, 50 (20.6%) reduced gait speed and 30 (60%) of these fell in the last year. Among the elderly with reduced gait speed, there was a female gender predominance (n = 33; 66%) and mean age 86.24 years old (± 4.64). The reduced gait speed showed a significant association with fall occurrence in the last 12 months (p = 0.023). Conclusion: the reduction of gait speed in long-lived elderly shows relationship with the fall episode, which was present in more than half of the long-lived elderly with reduced gait speed.

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“…Mobility is a key aspect of keeping independence and functional ability within the elderly population [1], as well as being a general indicator of their health [2], [3]. Gait velocity in particular can aid to predict multiple conditions that may lead to hospitalisation, such as chronic obtrusive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure [4], [5], fall risk likelihood [6], and even a predictor of the onset of cognitive decline [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer Vision-Based Gait Velocity from Non-Obtrusive Thermal Vision Sensors

Medina-Quero

Shewell

Cleland

et al. 2018

2018 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PerCom Workshops)

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Gait velocity is an important measure of independence and functional ability to those within the older population. Detecting changes in gait velocity can aid to provide interventions to avoid hospitalisation, currently gait velocity is assessed in a clinical setting, where the patient is timed over a measured distance between 3-6 metres by a clinician, however, this is time consuming, subjective, and not possible to carry out frequently over time. An unobtrusive method of monitoring gait velocity, frequently, over extended periods of time, would therefore be advantageous when developing interventions. This paper proposes an unobtrusive computer vision-based method of continuously monitoring an occupants gait velocity within their own home. This is achieved through the use of a low cost thermal vision sensor. The system was benchmarked against the clinical standard method of being timed by a stopwatch. Results show a high correlation between the gait velocity measured by the thermal vision sensor and the measured stopwatch velocity (R=0.941, p=0.02).

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Can gait speed test be used as a falls risk screening tool in community dwelling older adults? A review

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Discriminative and Predictive Ability of Physical Performance Measures in Identifying Fall Risk among Older Adults

Discriminative and Predictive Ability of Physical Performance Measures in Identifying Fall Risk among Older Adults

Gait Speed and Occurrence of Falls in the Long-Lived Elderly

Computer Vision-Based Gait Velocity from Non-Obtrusive Thermal Vision Sensors

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