Can dentists detect multiple myeloma through oral manifestations?

Abstract

ObjectiveTo review published data on oral manifestations of multiple myeloma.MethodsAn electronic database search was performed of articles published from 1971 to November 2016 in order to identify studies that reported oral manifestations of patients with multiple myeloma. Case reports and case series with oral manifestations of multiple myeloma in English were included in the study. An additional search was performed of the references of the selected articles.ResultsThirty-seven articles that reported 81 patients with oral manifestations of multiple myeloma were selected: 30 case reports (82%) and seven case series (18%). The most common clinical features in the dental cavity were swelling (65.4%), bone pain (33.3%), paresthesia (27.1%) and amyloidosis lesions (11.1%). Osteolytic lesions detected on imaging exams were reported in the majority of the patients (90.1%) as plasmacytomas or ‘punched-out’ lesions.ConclusionsSwelling and osteolytic lesions represent the most common clinical and radiographic signs of the jaws relating to multiple myeloma, respectively.

Oral manifestation of multiple myeloma: a case report

“…Bone pain, swelling, paraesthesia, amyloid deposits, dental mobility, gingival bleeding and root resorption are some of the findings described. 8 A portion of patients affected by MM may develop a so-called extramedullary disease. There are several controversies surrounding the precise definition of this condition, but it is known that extramedullary disease can be observed at the time of diagnosis of MM or during relapse of MM.…”

Multiple Myeloma Similar to Traumatic Trigeminal Neuropathy after Dental Treatment: Case Report

“…Early diagnosis of multiple myeloma affects survival rates, so it is important for dentists to recognize possible symptoms in the oral cavity such as swelling and osteolytic lesion and refer for accurate diagnosis and treatment [15].…”

Recidiva de mieloma múltiplo em mandíbula mimetizando lesão endodôntica: relato de caso

“…8 Aproximadamente 80% dos pacientes diagnosticados com MM são precedidos da GMSI. 3,9 A proliferação neoplásica de linfócitos B é conhecida como plasmocitoma ou MM. O primeiro é caracterizado pelo acometimento solitário, que pode ser intraósseo ou extramedular.…”

“…3,4,7 Embora a etiologia permaneça incerta, certos agentes etiológicos, como radiação ionizante, exposição a produtos químicos, vírus e fatores genéticos, têm sido implicados. 6,9,11 A paciente estudada estava no perfil epidemiológico de maior prevalência da doença.…”

“…Reconstrução panorâmica de TC, evidenciando lesão hipodensa, osteolítica, de margens mal definidas, envolvendo o ápice dos dentes 44 e 45. sia. 7,9,12 Radiograficamente é caracterizada pela formação de imagem osteolítica, de margem mal delimitada, podendo ser uni ou multilocular e ter aspeto de bolhas de sabão. 4 A paciente estudada apresentou lesão dolorosa, osteolitica na mandíbula, de formato ovalado e com margens mal delimitadas, essas características estão de acordo os achados da literatura mundial.…”