Campylobacter corcagiensis sp. nov., isolated from faeces of captive lion-tailed macaques (Macaca silenus)

Abstract

An investigation of the prevalence of Campylobacter ureolyticus in a variety of animals led to the identification of the strain CIT 045 T , in the faeces of captive lion-tailed macaques (Macaca silenus). Originally, believed to be Campylobacter ureolyticus based on the colony morphology and positive urease test, analysis of 16S rRNA and hsp60 gene sequences of this isolate revealed that the strain differs significantly from other species of the genus Campylobacter described to date. Species-specific primers for 16S rRNA and hsp60 genes were designed and used to identify two additional strains isolated from faeces samples from other macaques. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA and hsp60 genes revealed ¡95 % and ¡82 % sequence similarity to recognized species of the genus Campylobacter respectively. All three isolates formed a distinct group within the genus Campylobacter based on their 16S rRNA and hsp60 sequences and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) profiles. The unique species status was further supported by phenotypic characteristics of the isolates. All isolates were found to be oxidase-, catalase-and urease-positive, they grew well at 37 6C and 42 6C and produced H 2 S on TSI (triple-sugar iron) and SIM (sulfide indole motility) media. The name Campylobacter corcagiensis sp. nov. is proposed for this novel species, with the strain CIT 045 T as the type strain CIT 045 T (5LMG 27932 T , CCUG 64942 T ).The genus Campylobacter has expanded considerably since it was initially proposed by Sebald & Veron (1963), at the time of writing encompassing 24 species and eight subspecies (On, 2013). Species of the genus Campylobacter inhabit a wide variety of ecological niches and have been isolated from various sample sources and hosts; including humans, birds, livestock, pets and primates (Man, 2011). Furthermore, several of these species have been associated with diseases in humans and animals.Interestingly, even though some species of the genus Campylobacter, such as Campylobacter jejuni, have been isolated from a variety of hosts, including wild birds, domestic animals and humans, multilocus sequence typing analysis has revealed a wide genetic strain diversity of C. jejuni among different hosts (Griekspoor et al., 2013). Furthermore, some strains have been found to be hostspecific, being confined to a particular wild bird species (rather than geographical location). Other genetic populations have been found to be more widely distributed between different species and have been found to be present in humans and livestock (Griekspoor et al., 2013). This heterogeneity highlights the possibility of transspecies transmission and the zoonotic potential of many species of the genus Campylobacter.As a part of a larger study investigating possible environmental sources of Campylobacter ureolyticus, faecal samples were collected from captive wild animals. Samples were collected using sterile swabs which were immediately placed in a sterile 25 ml container filled with Bolton Broth (O...

Under the microscope: From pathogens to probiotics and back

“…79 Interestingly, a C. ureolyticus screen in exotic animals led to the identification of strain CIT 045(T) in the faeces of captive lion-tailed macaques (Macaca silenus). Originally believed to be C. ureolyticus on the basis of colony morphology; 16S rRNA analysis showed it to be a completely new Campylobacter species; 80 a finding which we confirmed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF), together with whole genome sequence analysis. 81 We named this new species Campylobacter corcagiensis sp nov. (The Corkonian!…”

A review of the novel thermophilicCampylobacter,Campylobacter hepaticus,a pathogen of poultry

“…Of the most recently added species, few have been associated with disease in the host. Most have been incidental findings in surveys of primates, sea mammals, captive reptiles or wild birds (Caceres, Munoz, Iraola, Diaz‐Viraque, & Collado, ; Debruyne et al, ; Gilbert, Kik, Miller, Duim, & Wagenaar, ; Gilbert et al, ; Kaur et al, ; Koziel et al, ; Piccirillo et al, ). In contrast, C. hepaticus was isolated from clinical disease (SLD) in laying hens and has been confirmed as the cause of SLD (Van, Elshagmani, et al, ).…”

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass-Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) Based Microbial Identifications: Challenges and Scopes for Microbial Ecologists

“…It is also becoming an increasingly essential technique for microbial characterization and identification in environment microbiology and microbial diversity studies. The ability of this technique to differentiate at the species level has been found useful in describing new species (Koziel et al, 2014; Lang et al, 2015; Patil et al, 2015; Tong et al, 2015). Realizing the importance of MALDI-TOF MS in microbial taxonomy, identification and diversity analysis, the journal Systematic and Applied Microbiology published a special issue on this subject in 2011 (vol.…”