Camphor Poisoning: an Evidence-Based Practice Guideline for Out-of-Hospital Management

Manoguerra, Anthony S.; Erdman, Andrew R.; Wax, Paul M.; Nelson, Lewis S.; Caravati, E. Martin; Cobaugh, Daniel J.; Chyka, Peter A.; Olson, Kent R.; Booze, Lisa L.; Woolf, Alan D.; Keyes, Daniel C.; Christianson, Gwenn; Scharman, Elizabeth J.; Troutman, William G.

doi:10.1080/15563650600671696

Cited by 71 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…may cause antimuscarinic effects by blocking sodium and calcium ion channels in in vitro and in vivo studies. 9 The fever, tachycardia and signs of hypertension occurring in our patient may have been related to antimuscarinic effects caused by inhibition of central and peripheral muscarinic cholinergic nerve conduction. There are no data in the literature demonstrating sustained arrhythmias (e.g., supraventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia) and anticholinergic symptoms triggered by L. stoechas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anticholinergic Syndrome and Supraventricular Tachycardia Caused by Lavender Tea Toxicity

et al. 2012

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Lavender plants have been used for their cosmetic and biologic benefits for many centries. Extracts from Lavandula plants have been found to cause antimuscarinic effects by blocking sodium and calcium ion channels in in vitro and in vivo studies. We present a case of poisoning by ingestion of tea made from Lavender stoechas ( grass). The patient was admitted to our emergency department with supraventricular tachycardia due to anticholinergic syndrome triggered by drinking lavender tea. On electrocardiography, a narrow QRS complex tachycardia was evident. After carotid sinus massage, the patient immediately returned to sinus rhythm. There are no reported data about the toxicity of Lavender stoechas plants with respect to supraventricular tachycardia, anticholinergic syndrome or sympathetic nerve activity. (Keio J Med 61 (2) : 66-68, June 2012)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other adverse effects are tachycardia, elevated liver enzymes, and central nervous system and cardiovascular system toxicity. 9,10 The toxic effect on the central nervous system can result in mental confusion and convulsion. Severe poisoning can cause status epilepticus, apnea, asystole, circulatory collapse and death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticholinergic Syndrome and Supraventricular Tachycardia Caused by Lavender Tea Toxicity

et al. 2012

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“…Even when applied to the skin in large quantities, camphor has only rarely been reported to cause systemic poisoning resembling the effects seen with acute ingestion exposures [14]. Chronic oral camphor administration has been reported to cause death [15], while chronic, low-dose, dermal exposure over many years was reported to cause granulomatous hepatitis in one case [16]. There is no specific antidote to camphor poisoning, so it is treated symptomatically.…”

Section: Therapeutic Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its history dates to ancient Chinese medicine and has been used as an aphrodisiac, anti-aphrodisiac, contraceptive, abortifacient and suppressor of lactation [1]. It was originally obtained with distillation of bark chips from the camphor tree Cinnamonum camphora; nowadays it is synthesized chemically and used in cold remedies [1,2], but today is produced synthetically from turpentine. It has a characteristic, penetrating odour and a pungent, aromatic taste [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique Case with Seizures after Prolonged Use of Camphor Crème in Elderly Patient

Niko¹,

Snezhana²

2012

J Clin Toxicol

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Camphor is a pleasant smelling cyclic ketone of the hydro aromatic terpene group. The mechanism by which camphor produces toxicity is unknown. Within a period of 5 to 15 minutes, patients commonly complain of mucus membrane irritation, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Generalized tonic-clonic convulsions are often the first sign of significant toxicity and can occur soon after ingestion. Central nervous system depression is commonly seen, such as headache, dizziness, confusion, agitation, anxiety, hallucinations, myoclonus, and hyperreflexia.The aim of the study is to show a unique case of generalized tonic-clonic convulsions, after 1 week of dermal applications of camphor crème in elderly patient. Case Report66-year old female was brought to the University Clinic for Toxicology in Skopje, with status epilepticus, after several generalized tonic-clonic seizures. At arrival, the patient was somnolent, with heavy headache, hypotensive (14/9 kPa), with partial amnesia, relax muscles, small amount of blood in mouth and specific odour. Five minutes later, during standard examination, the patient developed another generalized tonic-clonic seizure. An amount of 10 ml i.v. diazepam was applied to stabilize the patient, and a few minutes later the patient woke up. Heteroanamnesis taken from her husband showed that she had another similar convulsion ten days ago. EEG, CT and MRI made previously, did not show any abnormalities. The specific smelt, repeated seizures and especially the dermal application of Kamfart crème, made the suspicion of poisoning with camphor. The toxicological examination showed a positive result. After excluding the camphor crème, the patient didn't manifest any seizures.

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“…The symptoms of oral camphor poisoning have been reported as blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, colitis, dizziness, delirium, contraction of heart muscles, and difficulty in breathing, seizures and death. In large quantities, it is poisonous when ingested and can cause seizures, confusion, irritability and neuromuscular hyperactivity (Manoguerra et al, 2006;Zuccarini, 2009, andMichiels andMazor ,2010). On the other hand, the intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg of camphor female rats caused an increase in estrogen and progesterone concentrations; in addition camphor could alter both hormonal and structural aspect of uterus that ultimately reflected on fertility of exposed animals (AlQudsi and Linjawi, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Camphor on Enzymes, Hormones and Liver Tissues of Male White Mice

2017

Alexandria Science Exchange Journal: An International Quarterly

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Camphor Poisoning: an Evidence-Based Practice Guideline for Out-of-Hospital Management

Cited by 71 publications

References 42 publications

Anticholinergic Syndrome and Supraventricular Tachycardia Caused by Lavender Tea Toxicity

Anticholinergic Syndrome and Supraventricular Tachycardia Caused by Lavender Tea Toxicity

Unique Case with Seizures after Prolonged Use of Camphor Crème in Elderly Patient

Effects of Camphor on Enzymes, Hormones and Liver Tissues of Male White Mice

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