Camelina sp. L in field trials and crop production of Crimea

Abstract

The objective of the research is to establish the optimal seeding dates and rates of winter Camelina in the Crimea conditions and to determine the yield and quality of different oilseeds in field trials and production conditions. Trials were carried out in 2015-2019 on the field of the field crop department of the FSBI Crimean Agricultural Research Institute located in the central steppe zone of Crimea. The climate is moderately cold, semi-dry, continental, with large annual and daily temperature fluctuations. The average annual temperature is 15.1°C at 350-450 mm of precipitation per year. Meteorological conditions during the years of research differed from long-term average data on the amount of precipitation and temperature conditions: The Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) in 2016 was 0.82, in 2017 - 0.61, in 2018 - 0.23, in 2019 - 0.59. The agroclimatic potential of Crimea is suitable for cultivation of winter camelina on the peninsula, which increases the biodiversity of agrophytocenoses and get high-quality oil for various purposes. The optimal seeding dates for winter camelina in the Crimea is the period from September 30 to October 15, which produces the highest yield of 1.32-1.35 t/ha. However, a fairly wide calendar range gives a satisfactory crop yield. Favourable terms of soil moisture give the most optimal conditions for the winter camelina yield at a seeding rate of 8 million/ha. The fatty acid composition of the oil obtained from camelina grown in the Crimea indicates its suitability for various areas of the national economy.