Camada de resíduos florestais e pressão de preconsolidação de dois latossolos

Silva, Arystides Resende; Souza, Moacir de; Junior, Dias; Nipo-Brasileira, Celulose

doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2007000100012

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…De acordo com Soane (1990), a matéria orgânica não decomposta acumulada na superfície do solo tem como efeito o aumento da área de contato das rodas e a redução da compactação das camadas superficiais do solo. Trabalhando em dois Latossolos argilosos, Silva et al (2007) verificaram que o tráfego sobre os resíduos florestais atenuou a compactação nos solos estudados, comparativamente ao solo limpo descoberto. Resultados de Braida et al (2006), em solos arenoso e argiloso, indicaram que a palha na superfície do solo, durante a realização do ensaio Proctor, dissipa até 30% da energia de compactação utilizada, com redução da densidade máxima obtida.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Compactação de um latossolo vermelho distroférrico com diferentes quantidades e manejos de palha em superfície

et al. 2013

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ResumoA compactação do solo em áreas agrícolas manejadas em sistema plantio direto tem sido apontada como um problema enfrentado por produtores, em especial nas áreas com solos argilosos. A compactação é causada principalmente pelo tráfego de máquinas, quando não são respeitadas faixas adequadas de umidade do solo. A palha na superfície do solo, por criar uma barreira física entre o pneu das máquinas e o solo, pode ser um fator de minimização da compactação. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito da palha de milheto em superfície na redução da compactação do solo causada pelo rodado de um trator. O experimento constou de quatro tratamentos de quantidade de palha (sem palha, 5, 10 e 15 Mg ha -1 ) e três de manejo da palha (em pé, tombada e fragmentada). Após a passagem do trator determinou-se a resistência à penetração, umidade, densidade e porosidade total do solo na área trafegada. A densidade e porosidade total não foram afetadas pela passagem do tráfego. Nos tratamentos com palha, obteve-se maior umidade e, consequentemente, menor resistência. Entre os tratamentos de manejo da palha não houve diferença para umidade e resistência. Para a mesma umidade do solo, maiores quantidades de palha resultaram em menores valores de resistência à penetração, evidenciando menor compactação.Palavras-chave: plantio direto, resistência do solo, tráfego de máquinas agrícolas.Soil compaction in a Rhodic hapludox soil as influenced by straw management and quantity on surface Abstract Soil compaction in areas under no-tillage has been pointed as a problem faced by farmers, particularly in areas with clay soils. Compaction is mainly caused by machinery traffic when the adequate soil moisture is not respected. Straw on the soil surface, by creating a physical barrier between the wheel and the ground may be a factor to minimize compaction. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of millet straw on soil surface in reducing compaction caused by the tractor wheels. The experiment consisted of four treatments of straw quantity on surface (without straw and 5, 10 and 15 Mg ha -1 ) and three straw managements (standing up, lying down and fragmented). After the tractor passage, penetration resistance, water content, density and total porosity of soil were evaluated on the area where the wheel passed over. Density and porosity were not affected by wheel traffic. Treatments with straw had higher water content and as a result less resistance. There was no significant difference on resistance and soil moisture among straw management treatments. For an equal soil water content, higher densities of straw resulted in lower penetration resistance, which indicates less compaction.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Compactação de um latossolo vermelho distroférrico com diferentes quantidades e manejos de palha em superfície

et al. 2013

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“…The compaction intensity and its consequences are dependent on the soil granulometry , the amount of plant residue on the soil (Seixas et al, 1998;Braida et al, 2006;Silva et al, 2007a), traffic intensity and pressure applied by machine wheels on the soil (Beutler et al, 2005), organic matter content and the moisture condition at harvest (Oliveira et al, 2009;Sampietro et al, 2015). The compaction depth in forest areas may be higher than in other agricultural activities, due to the higher pressure exerted by the wheels of the machines, the greater traffic during harvest and the greater soil moisture due to the shade from the trees (Reichert et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The organic matter contents and the presence of plant residue on the soil can partly attenuate the pressure of the machine wheels applied to the soil (Silva et al, 2007a). Furthermore, the Dystric Cambisol (Humic) of the Santa Catarina plateau has a high aggregation, which also may attenuate compaction (Bertol et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pine Harvest Impact on Soil Structure of a Dystric Cambisol (Humic)

Costa

Albuquerque

Costa

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Traffic of heavy machinery at harvest and log extraction causes structural degradation of the soil, but studies on the effects of forest harvesting on soils with high organic matter content and exchangeable Al are scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of mechanized forest harvesting operations on a Dystric Cambisol (Humic) with high organic matter (more 50 g kg 1 ) content and exchangeable Al (more), reforested with Pinus taeda L. The evaluated harvesting system were the whole-tree, in which the feller-buncher cuts and lays the trees down in bundles; the skidder drags the tree bundles up near a road; and the harvester delimbs and cuts the trees into short logs, stacking them on the roadside to be loaded onto trucks. The areas were evaluated for soil conditions at pre-harvest, prior to harvest, and at post-harvest, consisting of areas of low disturbance, high disturbance, forest residues and log yards. The effects of compaction after forest harvesting are observed by the decrease in total porosity (especially biopores and macropores), soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, and stability of aggregates. After forest harvesting, soil compaction was observed in all evaluated situations, but with different depths depending on operation type and the intensity of traffic carried in each area.

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“…Most of these studies have been premised on the investigation of the indexes of structural sustainability or degradation. Some land use and soil management system have been reported to cause significant increase in bulk density and mechanical strength of soils (Taylor, 1971;Glab & Kulig, 2008;Abid & Lal, 2008;Severiano et al, 2008); decrease in total porosity, pore size and continuity of pores in soils (Glab & Kulig, 2008;Severiano et al, 2008), reduction in soil's nutrient absorption, infiltration and redistribution of water (Arvidsson, 2001;Ishaq et al, 2001;Lipiec et al, 2006), reduction of hydraulic conductivity (Arvidsson, 2001;Silva et al, 2006), reduction of gas exchange (Gysi, 2001) and increase in the soil's load bearing capacity and compactibility Silva et al, 2007;Araujo Junior et al, 2008;Dias Junior et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The precompression stress separates the region of recoverable deformation from the non-recoverable deformation and thereby defines the point where soil structure degradation may occur (Silva et al, 1999;Dias Junior & Pierce, 1996;Silva et al, 2007;Severiano et al, 2008;Ajayi et al, 2010;Severiano et al, 2010a,b;Araujo Junior et al, 2011;Pacheco & Cantalice, 2011;Figueiredo et al, 2011). It has been used as a parameter to evaluate the susceptibility and vulnerability of soil structure to compaction under varying management scenarios (Jones et al, 2003;Spoor et al, 2003;Arvidsson & Keller 2004;Ajayi et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural sustainability of cambisol under different land use system

Martins¹,

Dias²,

Ajayi

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYIncongruous management techniques have been associated with some significant loss of agricultural land to degradation in many parts of the world. Land degradation results in the alteration of physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil, thereby posing a serious threat to sustainable agricultural development. In this study, our objective is to evaluate the changes in a Cambisol structure under six land use systems using the load bearing capacity model. Sampling was conducted in Amazonas Region, Brazil, in the following land use: a) young secondary forest; b) old secondary forest; c) forest; d) pasture; e) cropping, and f) agroforestry. To obtain the load bearing capacity models the undisturbed soil samples were collected in those land use systems and subjected to the uniaxial compression test. These models were used to evaluate which land use system preserved or degraded the Cambisol structure. The results of the bulk density and total porosity of the soil samples were not adequate to quantify structural degradation in Cambisol. Using the forest topsoil level (0-0.03 m) as a reference, it was observed that pasture land use system was most severe in the degradation of the soil structure while the structure were most preserved under old secondary forest, cropping system and forest. At the subsoil level (0.10-0.13 m depth), the soil structure was most degraded in the cropping land use system while it was most preserved in young secondary forest and pasture. At the 0.20-0.23 m depth, soil structure degradation was most severe in the old secondary forest system and well preserved in young secondary forest, cropping and agroforestry.Index terms: structure degradation, bulk density, precompression stress, Amazonas.(

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Camada de resíduos florestais e pressão de preconsolidação de dois latossolos

Cited by 22 publications

References 16 publications

Compactação de um latossolo vermelho distroférrico com diferentes quantidades e manejos de palha em superfície

Compactação de um latossolo vermelho distroférrico com diferentes quantidades e manejos de palha em superfície

Pine Harvest Impact on Soil Structure of a Dystric Cambisol (Humic)

Structural sustainability of cambisol under different land use system

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