Calvarial defect in human anencephaly

Abstract

The calvarial defect in human anencephaly has been studied on 21 anencephalic skulls in all of which the defect extended into the vertebral column. Based on the boundaries of the defect, a nomenclature of the anomaly has been proposed that is simpler, more scientific, and more informative than previous ones because it expresses the precise extent of destruction of the cranial vault. In the present study, the defect was "fronto-occipito-vertebral" in in 71.4%, "occipito-vertebral" in 23.8%, and "parieto-occipito-vertebral" in 4.8% of cases. The morphologic details of the cranial bones bounding the calvarial defect have been described.

Studies in neural tube defects II. Pathologic findings in a prospectively collected series of anencephalics

“…Two of these cases with no identifiable brain structures (2-50 and 3-7 1) had histologically identifiable structures that resembled choroid plexus. Chaurasia [1977] considers this as evidence that the most anterior portions of the neural tube may indeed have closed, particularly if the tissue mass is in the region of the forebrain. This seems doubtful to us, for there is no evidence that neural tube closure is a prerequisite for the differentiation of choroid plexus from the mesenchymal vascular pia mater.…”

Development of anencephaly and its variants

“…The difference between parietal and interparietal in cases of anencephaly is best understood where both are present (Fig. 6 in Chaurasia, 19841, and has been used in the classification of anencephalic skulls (Chaurasia, 1984). The fetal skull described in this study belongs to holoacrania with rhachischisis, accompanied by a completely split squamous occipital and loss of parietal bones.…”

“…6 of Marin-Padilla (1965a) and No. F-20 of Chaurasia (1984). and destruction of the exposed parts of the brain vary meros, part) refers to large, incomplete defects of the (Lemire, 1987;Lemire et al, 1978).…”

“…6 described by Marin-Padilla (1965a). The parietal of Marin-Padilla, however, is here named the interparietal (Chaurasia, 1984;Garol et al, 1978). The paired interparietal appears at the end of the embryonic period (Muller and O'Rahilly, 1980) in connection with the supraoccipital, which becomes the squamous part of the occipital bone and is turned down ventrally in the anencephalic skull in a manner that is difficult to follow.…”

Análisis bioarqueológico de un feto anencefálico del sitio arqueológico cueva de los niños (provincia de última esperanza, Región de Magallanes, Chile): A 29 años de su hallazgo

“…Para el diagnóstico de anencefalia se consideraron las características morfológicas (análisis cualitativos) descritas por Garol et al (1978), Chaurasia (1984) e Irurita et al (2015), las cuales corresponden a alteraciones presentes principalmente en huesos como el frontal, el esfenoides, los parietales y el occipital. En tanto para complementar la determinación se consideró el método cuantitativo propuesto por Dudar (2010), el cual consiste en el uso de un modelo compuesto por varias ecuaciones de regresión para predecir la presencia de esta patología en osamentas humanas.…”