Calprotectin – a pleiotropic molecule in acute and chronic inflammation.

Střı́ž, Ilja; Trebichavský, I

doi:10.33549/physiolres.930448

Cited by 340 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In line with our study, elevated calprotectin has been observed in neonatal infections, early stages of lung infection, early stages of heart and kidney transplant rejection, and in acute and chronic GVHD (graft versus host disease) in bone marrow transplant patients [33,34]. In 2017, Muhammet Fatih Topuz et al showed that serum calprotectin in patients with laryngeal cancer was significantly higher than in patients with benign laryngeal tumors, and evaluation of this protein as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker was recommended [18].…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 91%

Calprotectin as new potential clinical marker for multiple myeloma

et al. 2023

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Increased levels of inflammatory cytokines in multiple myeloma (MM) patients and the role of inflammation in disease pathogenesis, have recently been considered. The aim of this study was to quantitatively evaluation of fecal calprotectin (CP) as a non-invasive biomarker for the evaluation of inflammation in patients with multiple myeloma. This study is a hospital-based case control study. MM patients referred to patients referred to medical centers of Tehran province, Iran, were identified and classified into two groups of new MM patients (n = 40) and patients undergoing treatment (n = 28). Healthy individuals were included in the study as healthy control (n = 25). Morning stool samples were collected and CP was extracted immediately. After collecting the samples, CP was measured according to ELISA method and was determined in μg/g of feces. Values above 50 μg/g of feces are positive and indicate inflammation. The results revealed that there is a significant difference between groups in terms if CP mean (p = 0.001). The mean of CP among new cases, under treatment and control groups were 301.3 (SD: 141.0), 165.1 (SD: 153.9) and 36.9 (SD: 13.5), respectively. Then the groups were compared in pairs, the results showed that the new case group was significantly different from the under-treatment group (p = 0.001), and also the control group showed a significant difference with the new case group (p = 0.001) and the under-treatment group (p = 0.001) that the amount of CP in the control group was significantly lower than the other two groups. In addition, the results of the study showed a significant correlation between age and plasma cells with CP value, so that with increasing age and plasma cells, CP value also showed a significant increase. The results indicate that quantitative evaluation of CP as a non-invasive laboratory biomarker has a high potential as a clinical marker in patients with multiple myeloma and inflammation should considered as a hallmark of cancer. Further diagnostic studies are recommended.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 91%

Calprotectin as new potential clinical marker for multiple myeloma

et al. 2023

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“…Additionally, the DAMP calprotectin, which is also known as the heterodimer of S100A8/A9, was studied as it accounts for up to half of the cytoplasmic protein content in neutrophils and is a well-established biomarker for several inflammatory diseases [ 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ]. Calprotectin has diverse functions in the inflammatory response, including regulating inflammatory cell chemotaxis, adhesion, and activation [ 67 ]. At 3 h, clozapine caused significant increases in IL-1β levels in the spleen ( p < 0.01; Figure 7 B) and bone marrow ( p < 0.001; Figure 7 C) that were significantly dampened by PF-1355 pre-treatment ( p < 0.05).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Myeloperoxidase in Clozapine-Induced Inflammation: A Mechanistic Update for Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Agranulocytosis

Sernoskie

Jee

Uetrecht

2023

IJMS

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The risk of idiosyncratic drug-induced agranulocytosis (IDIAG) markedly constrains the use of clozapine, a neuroleptic with unparalleled efficacy. Most clozapine patients experience an early inflammatory response, likely a necessary step in IDIAG onset. However, most patients do not progress to IDIAG, presumably because of the requirement of specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotypes, T cell receptors, and other unknown factors. We established that clozapine activates inflammasomes and that myeloperoxidase bioactivation of clozapine generates neoantigens, but the connection between these early mechanistic events remained unknown and, thus, was the aim of this work. We found that the myeloperoxidase inhibitor PF-1355 attenuated myeloperoxidase activity in phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-differentiated THP-1 macrophages, and it also attenuated clozapine-induced release of inflammatory mediators (e.g., IL-1β, CXCL1, and C-reactive protein). In vivo, pretreatment of Sprague Dawley rats with PF-1355 significantly attenuated clozapine-induced increases in neutrophil mobilization from the bone marrow to the blood and spleen, as determined using differential blood counts and flow cytometry. Moreover, the clozapine-triggered release of inflammatory mediators (e.g., IL-1β, calprotectin, CXCL1, and α-1-acid glycoprotein) from the liver, spleen, and bone marrow was dampened by myeloperoxidase inhibition. These data support the working hypothesis that oxidation of clozapine to a reactive metabolite by myeloperoxidase is critical for induction of the inflammatory response to clozapine. Ultimately, a better mechanistic understanding of the early events involved in the immune response to clozapine may elucidate ways to prevent IDIAG, enabling safer, more frequent therapeutic use of this and potentially other highly efficacious drugs.

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“…Calprotectin belongs to the S100 family of calcium-binding cytosolic proteins normally present in regenerative cell types such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and endothelial and epithelial cells 1 . In neutrophils, monocytes, and activated macrophages, calprotectin constitutes 40% to 60% of the soluble cytosolic proteins, which suggests a specific function 1,2 .…”

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confidence: 99%