Abstract:Objetivo: Determinar la calidad de vida en pacientes con cáncer atendidos en un Hospital Nacional de Lima. Materiales y métodos: El estudio fue de enfoque cuantitativo y de diseño descriptivo y transversal, la población estuvo conformada por 109 pacientes con cáncer atendidos en el Hospital Nacional. La técnica de recolección de datos fue la encuesta y el instrumento de recolección de datos fue el cuestionario de calidad de vida EORCT QLQ-C30, que está comprendido por 30 ítems agrupados en 3 dimensiones. Resul… Show more
“…Particularly, this disease is observed in men over 50 years of age, with various related environmental factors. In contrast, the diffuse or infiltrative type is less frequent (30%), which is why it can be diagnosed at an earlier age in both sexes, leading to a worse prognosis (Castillo & Orrillo, 2021).…”
Introduction: Palliative care and pain management are increasingly important for the active and comprehensive treatment of patients who do not respond to curative treatment. Objective: To identify palliative care and pain management in patients with stomach cancer. Methods: Using a qualitative and descriptive approach, national and international literature, publications and scientific articles were reviewed to investigate palliative care and pain management in patients with stomach cancer. Results: The articles identified five treatments focused on palliative care, defined as palliative gastrectomy, bypass, palliative radiotherapy, and stenting. Pain management in patients with gastric cancer was also examined using selected studies. Conclusion: Studies focused on controlling symptoms and maintaining or improving quality of life in patients with gastric cancer were analyzed. The collected studies reported survival as the primary outcome variable. Consistent evidence was identified that patients with advanced gastric cancer benefit in both survival and quality of life with a combination of chemotherapy plus supportive care compared to receiving supportive care alone, which will be in combination with the use of opioid analgesics.
“…Particularly, this disease is observed in men over 50 years of age, with various related environmental factors. In contrast, the diffuse or infiltrative type is less frequent (30%), which is why it can be diagnosed at an earlier age in both sexes, leading to a worse prognosis (Castillo & Orrillo, 2021).…”
Introduction: Palliative care and pain management are increasingly important for the active and comprehensive treatment of patients who do not respond to curative treatment. Objective: To identify palliative care and pain management in patients with stomach cancer. Methods: Using a qualitative and descriptive approach, national and international literature, publications and scientific articles were reviewed to investigate palliative care and pain management in patients with stomach cancer. Results: The articles identified five treatments focused on palliative care, defined as palliative gastrectomy, bypass, palliative radiotherapy, and stenting. Pain management in patients with gastric cancer was also examined using selected studies. Conclusion: Studies focused on controlling symptoms and maintaining or improving quality of life in patients with gastric cancer were analyzed. The collected studies reported survival as the primary outcome variable. Consistent evidence was identified that patients with advanced gastric cancer benefit in both survival and quality of life with a combination of chemotherapy plus supportive care compared to receiving supportive care alone, which will be in combination with the use of opioid analgesics.
Antecedentes: La cirugía oral es una especialidad que requiere preparación teórica y habilidad quirúrgica para efectuar los procedimientos. Durante el proceso de aprendizaje, los estudiantes, al efectuar cirugías, pueden enfrentar dificultades que dañen involuntariamente al paciente. A pesar de cumplirse los protocolos, es posible que se presenten eventos desfavorables durante la atención. Por este motivo, es necesario caracterizar y analizar dichos eventos en instituciones como una facultad de odontología para mejorar la calidad de la atención. Objetivo: Analizar los eventos desfavorables que se presentaron en el área quirúrgica de la Facultad de Odontología de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana en un periodo de dos años. Métodos: En este estudio observacional-descriptivo se evaluaron todas las historias clínicas de pacientes atendidos entre el 1 de enero de 2014 y el 31 de diciembre de 2015, a fin de identificar y analizar los eventos desfavorables en cirugía oral. Resultados: De 1062 historias clínicas, 74 (7 %) tenían reportes de eventos desfavorables, 41 (56 %) de las cuales se tipificaron como complicaciones, 22 (30 %) como indicios de atención insegura y 11 (14 %) como eventos adversos. De ellos, 9 (82 %) fueron prevenibles y 2 (18 %) no prevenibles, todos relacionados con exodoncias. Conclusiones: Los eventos adversos en el área quirúrgica se presentaron en baja frecuencia y se relacionaron con exodoncias. Para reducir la ocurrencia de estas situaciones, es preciso realizar planeación prequirúrgica, elaborar meticulosamente las historias clínicas y, en caso de presentarse algún tipo de evento, informarlo.
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