Calculations and measurements of fast EM pulses in the GTEM cell

Radasky, William A.; Smith, Kevin S.; Hansen, David R.; Ristau, D.

doi:10.1109/isemc.1996.561200

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Precise knowledge of the electromagnetic dose of each biological specimen is critical in accurately establishing a biological response-electromagnetic dose relationship. The electromagnetic properties of empty GTEM cells used as electromagnetic compatibility test chambers have been characterized using analytical calculations [14], [15] numerical simulations [16], [17], [19] and experimental measurements [17], [19]. Such characterizations of field patterns in the unloaded GTEM cell cannot be used to reliably predict the spatial and temporal field variations inside cell-culture flasks inserted into the GTEM cell.…”

Section: Fdtd Analysis Of a Gigahertz Tem Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

FDTD analysis of a gigahertz TEM cell for ultra-wideband pulse exposure studies of biological specimens

Hagness

Booske

et al. 2006

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.

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Abstract-Gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) transmission cells have been previously used to experimentally study exposure of biological cells to ultra-wideband (UWB), monopolar, electromagnetic pulses. Using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations we examine the time-dependent electric field waveforms and energy dose spatial distributions within a finite volume of biological cell culture medium during these experiments. The simulations show that when one or more flasks containing cell culture media are placed inside the GTEM cell, the uniform fields of the empty GTEM cell are significantly perturbed. The fields inside the cell culture medium, representing the fields to which the biological cells are exposed, are no longer monopolar and are spatially highly nonuniform. These effects result from a combination of refraction and distortion of the incident wave, combined with excitation of resonant eigenmodes within the cell culture medium volume. The simulations show that these distortions of the incident waveform may be mitigated by supporting the sample on a high permittivity pedestal and modifying the incident waveform to more closely approximate a Gaussian pulse. Under all simulated conditions, the estimated maximum temperature rises are completely negligible, ensuring that any experimentally observed unusual cell function or histopathology can be associated with nonthermal effects.Index Terms-Dosimetry, FDTD methods, gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) cell, ultra-wideband (UWB) exposure.

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Section: Fdtd Analysis Of a Gigahertz Tem Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

FDTD analysis of a gigahertz TEM cell for ultra-wideband pulse exposure studies of biological specimens

Hagness

Booske

et al. 2006

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.

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“…Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TEMC.2017.2666880 in order to prevent system failures or even breakdowns. Some of these IEMI measurements, especially the high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) immunity tests, are well described for the transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cells [1]. There are several designs of TEM waveguides [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extension of the IEC 61000-4-20 Annex C to the Use of Arbitrary Transient Signals

Briest

Hamann

Garbe

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.

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Transverse electromagnetic (TEM) waveguides are predominantly used for emission and immunity tests. General requirements for TEM waveguides are given by the IEC 61000-4-20. Annex C of the IEC 61000-4-20 specifies immunity tests based on high-altitude electromagnetic pulses with a double exponential waveform. This waveform's shape is sufficiently defined by the rise time and the pulsewidth. The quality of its transmission within a waveguide can, thus, be expressed by the allowed variation of these parameters. However, other arbitrary signals cannot be reduced to just these characteristic parameters. In this paper, a method is described that offers the possibility to characterize the transmission quality of a TEM cell for arbitrary transient waveforms. It is based on the Pearson correlation coefficient of a so-called reference signal and the signals being measured within the test volume of a TEM cell. Both signals are measured simultaneously with identical field probes in order to be independent from the reproducibility of the signal generator. The signals are windowed and limited to include only the defining reflections and distortions. By means of this signal-dedicated validation procedure, the transmission quality of a TEM waveguide can be validated for an arbitrary transient waveform Index Terms-High-altitude electromagnetic pulses (HEMP), intentional electromagnetic interference (IEMI), signal dedicated verification (SiDeV), transverse electromagnetic (TEM) waveguide validation, transients.

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“…Transversal elektromagnetische (TEM) Wellenleiter dienen vorwiegend Störaussendungs-und Störfestigkeitsun-tersuchungen [6] von elektrischen und elektronischen Geräten und stellen eine gängige Alternative zum Freifeld Messplatz dar. Im Speziellen eignen sich GTEM-Zellen dazu einen großen Frequenzbereich bei den Untersuchungen abzudecken.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Bewertung der Formveränderung transienter Signale in GTEM-Zellen

Briest

Garbe

Potthast

2017

Tm - Technisches Messen

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The verification of transversal electromagnetic (TEM) waveguides, especially GTEM cells, is described in the standard IEC 61000-4-20 in the frequency and time domain. The verification in time domain is based on a nuclear electromagnetic pulse (NEMP) with a double exponential waveform, with is defined by two parameters, the rise time and pulsewidth, and the given parameter limits. A verification of the transmission qualitiy of a GTEM cell for arbitrary transient signals based on these parameters is not possible. Furthermore, it is not possible to identify critical frequencies of the performed waveguide with such an ultra-wideband pulse. Due to new upcoming signal shapes in the communications engineering and the use of transient signals in electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issues, a verification of waveguides for these waveform is essential. The method presented in this paper allows the qualification of a TEM waveguide for arbitrary transient signals. A signal comparison based on a correlation is performed, which quantifies the transmission quality of a waveguide for the performed transient shape.

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Calculations and measurements of fast EM pulses in the GTEM cell

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

FDTD analysis of a gigahertz TEM cell for ultra-wideband pulse exposure studies of biological specimens

FDTD analysis of a gigahertz TEM cell for ultra-wideband pulse exposure studies of biological specimens

Extension of the IEC 61000-4-20 Annex C to the Use of Arbitrary Transient Signals

Bewertung der Formveränderung transienter Signale in GTEM-Zellen

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