Calculation of refrigeration loads by convection, radiation and condensation in ice rinks using a transient 3D zonal model

Daoud, Ahmed; Galanis, Nicolas; Bellache, Omar

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2007.11.011

Cited by 39 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…In future work this model of the refrigeration system will be coupled to the models of the building and the concrete slab with brine pipes described in our previous articles (Daoud and Galanis 2006;Daoud et al 2008;Seghouani et al 2009). …”

Section: List Of Symbolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thermal behaviour and refrigeration loads of this building have been analysed previously (Daoud and Galanis 2006;Daoud et al 2008;Seghouani et al 2009). Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of this system which is essentially constituted of: The refrigeration system was initially constituted of six compressors (three per evaporator).…”

Section: Refrigeration System Description and Basic Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quasi-steady state model of an ice rink refrigeration system

Seghouani

Galanis

2009

Build. Simul.

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A quasi-steady model for the refrigeration system of an indoor ice rink was developed based on a combination of thermodynamic relations, heat transfer correlations and data available in the manufacturer's catalogue. The system includes five compressors, rejects heat to the ambient air and uses R-22 to keep a stream of brine at a temperature of approximately -9°C . The model has been validated by comparison with measured values and with data from the manufacturer's catalogue. It was then used to simulate its performance over a typical meteorological year. Results for a representative day include the number of compressors in operation at any given moment, their power consumption, the coefficient of performance (COP) of the cycle and of the system, as well as the heat rejected by the condensers and the corresponding mass flow rate of the cooling air. They show that the evaporation pressure is essentially constant while the condensation pressure varies from about 1600 to 2000 kPa. The COP of the system varies between 1.9 and 2.5. Results for the entire year show that the heat rejected during phase change is approximately four times that due to desuperheating and demonstrates the interest of recovering heat from both processes. Finally, the model is used to illustrate the advantages of a control strategy which limits the maximum number of simultaneously operating compressors to four. This strategy results in a 10% decrease of the energy used by the compressor motors and a 20% decrease of the peak power demand but increases the temperature of the brine at the exit from the chillers by approximately 0.5°C during short periods following the ice resurfacing operations.

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Section: List Of Symbolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Refrigeration System Description and Basic Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasi-steady state model of an ice rink refrigeration system

Seghouani

Galanis

2009

Build. Simul.

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“…Different radiation properties on the interior and exterior building surfaces can affect the building thermal performance e.g., cool roofs for exterior surfaces presented in many studies such as (Jo et al 2010;Konopacki and Akbari 2001;Wray and Akbari 2008), near-infrared (NIR) reflective pigments (Miller et al 2004;Levinson, Akbari, and Reilly 2007;Song et al 2014), mitigation of heat island effect by applying cool roof materials (Santamouris et al 2012;Synnefa et al 2011;Santamouris 2014;Rossi et al 2015), indoor climate and temperature distribution (Daoud, Galanis, and Bellache 2008;Azemati et al 2013) and reflective barrier for air space and attics (Baldinelli 2010;Saber 2012;Miranville et al 2012;Belusko, Bruno, and Saman 2011).…”

Section: Motivation For This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One way to improve the spatial resolution is the use of multi-zone or zonal model (Daoud, Galanis, and Bellache 2008) which divides the total indoor air volume into a few smaller zones. Each zone maintains the bulk property of a single zone and the relation between the zones is established by empirical or semi-empirical equations.…”

Section: Computational Fluid Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation properties of coil-coated steel in building envelope surfaces and the influence on building thermal performance

Joudi¹

2015

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Recent studies have shown that the optical properties of building exterior surfaces are important in terms of energy use and thermal comfort. While the majority of the studies are related to exterior surfaces, the radiation properties of interior surfaces are less thoroughly investigated. Development in the coil-coating industries has now made it possible to allocate different optical properties for both exterior and interior surfaces of steel-clad buildings. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the influence of surface radiation properties with the focus on the thermal emittance of the interior surfaces, the modeling approaches and their consequences in the context of the building energy performance and indoor thermal environment.The study consists of both numerical and experimental investigations. The experimental investigations include parallel field measurements on three similar test cabins with different interior and exterior surface radiation properties in Borlänge, Sweden, and two ice rink arenas with normal and low emissive ceiling in Luleå, Sweden. The numerical methods include comparative simulations by the use of dynamic heat flux models, Building Energy Simulation (BES), Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and a coupled model for BES and CFD. Several parametric studies and thermal performance analyses were carried out in combination with the different numerical methods.The parallel field measurements on the test cabins include the air, surface and radiation temperatures and energy use during passive and active (heating and cooling) measurements. Both measurement and comparative simulation results indicate an improvement in the indoor thermal environment when the interior surfaces have low emittance. In the ice rink arenas, surface and radiation temperature measurements indicate a considerable reduction in the ceiling-to-ice radiation by the use of low emittance surfaces, in agreement with a ceiling-to-ice radiation model using schematic dynamic heat flux calculations.The measurements in the test cabins indicate that the use of low emittance surfaces can increase the vertical indoor air temperature gradients depending on the time of day and outdoor conditions. This is ii in agreement with the transient CFD simulations having the boundary condition assigned on the exterior surfaces. The sensitivity analyses have been performed under different outdoor conditions and surface thermal radiation properties. The spatially resolved simulations indicate an increase in the air and surface temperature gradients by the use of low emittance coatings. This can allow for lower air temperature at the occupied zone during the summer.The combined effect of interior and exterior reflective coatings in terms of energy use has been investigated by the use of building energy simulation for different climates and internal heat loads. The results indicate possible energy savings by the smart choice of optical properties on interior and exterior surfaces of the building.Overall, it is concluded that the interior re...

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“…This kind of coatings has been found mainly useful for interior coatings where it is expected to act like a thermal barrier for the radiation energy potentially emitted or absorbed by the surface when the radiation temperature differs significantly from the panel surface temperature. For instance, Daoud et al [3] has shown that low emissive interior coatings can contribute to the energy savings in an in doors ice rink.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Efficient Buildings with Functional Steel Cladding

Joudi

Rönnelid

Svedung

et al. 2011

Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings

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Abstract:The aim of the study is to develop a model for the energy balance of buildings that includes the effect from the radiation properties of interior and exterior surfaces of the building envelope. As a first step we have used ice arenas as case study objects to investigate the importance of interior low emissivity surfaces. Measurements have been done in two ice arenas in the north part of Sweden, one with lower and one with higher ceiling emissivity. The results show that the low emissivity ceiling gives a much lower radiation temperature interacting with the ice under similar conditions. The dynamic modelling of the roof in ice arenas shows a similar dependence of the roof-to-ice heat flux and the ceiling emissivity. A second part of the study focus on how to realise paints with very low thermal emissivity to be used on interior building surfaces.

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Calculation of refrigeration loads by convection, radiation and condensation in ice rinks using a transient 3D zonal model

Cited by 39 publications

References 4 publications

Quasi-steady state model of an ice rink refrigeration system

Quasi-steady state model of an ice rink refrigeration system

Radiation properties of coil-coated steel in building envelope surfaces and the influence on building thermal performance

Energy Efficient Buildings with Functional Steel Cladding

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