Calculation of geometrical changes in cylindrical copper hollow cathodes due to sputtering

Hamisch, J.; Rosa, J. de la

doi:10.1007/bf00695622

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The gas temperature and pressure are needed as an input in the model to determine the gas density through the ideal gas law: n = P/k B T g . Since T g is not known we follow [11] where calculations are made for similar conditions and we assume a constant value of 1000 K. Moreover, the chosen value is within the accepted range for laser application [6,8,9,25] Table 1. The transport coefficients used in the model.…”

Section: Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Variants of hollow cathode laser geometry designs are developed and studied with the aim of improving the excitation 0022-3727/08/245202+10$30.00 efficiency and performance of the sputtering metal vapour ion lasers: transverse, longitudinal, high-voltage, etc [1][2][3][4]. By numerical modelling of different electrode configurations, information for various plasma discharge parameters has been obtained [5][6][7][8][9]. Recently, a hybrid modelling network consisting of several Monte-Carlo and fluid models was used to describe a longitudinal HCD at typical conditions for laser oscillation [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A flexible platform for simulations of sputtering hollow cathode discharges for laser applications

Mihailova¹,

Grozeva²,

Hagelaar³

et al. 2008

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The Plasimo modelling platform, extended with a cathode wall sputtering module is used to study the discharge processes and to optimise the design parameters of a sputtering hollow cathode discharge (HCD). We present Plasimo simulations of a HCD used for laser applications. A time dependent sub-model is used to describe the behaviour of the plasma species. The sputtering yield at the metallic boundaries is calculated using an empirical formula. Copper is chosen as the cathode material and the discharge operates in helium with a small admixture of argon for more efficient sputtering. The optimal conditions for lasing of the infra-red (IR) copper ion line (780.8 nm) that have been determined experimentally are used as input conditions for the simulation model. Calculations are made for various gas mixtures. The observed quantities are compared with the experimental data obtained for the same discharge geometry and operating conditions. The agreement between the measured data and the results from modelling indicates that the main reactions in the model are correctly described. Therefore, it is believed that this model can be used as a design tool in optimizing discharge studies for various applications based on the sputtering of the cathode material.

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Section: Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A flexible platform for simulations of sputtering hollow cathode discharges for laser applications

Mihailova¹,

Grozeva²,

Hagelaar³

et al. 2008

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…This simple analytical model explains many of the operating characteristics of sputtered metal-ion charge-transfer excited hollow cathode lasers and has been applied earlier for evaluating the average particle densities as well as the radial dependence of particle densities in slotted and in cylindrical copper hollow cathodes [5][6][7].…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main simplifications and approximations, described in details elsewhere [5][6][7], are the following. The negative glow region inside the cathode is nearly field-free and the voltage drop is nearly equal to the discharge voltage.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possibilities of UV laser oscillation on aluminium ion lines

Grozeva

Mihailova

Sabotinov

2006

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] There exist a number of models in the literature for HCDs used as metal vapor ion lasers. 10,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19] However, most of these models consider only buffer gas ions, sputtered metal vapor atoms, and corresponding ions, such as for a Cu-Ne laser. [13][14][15][16][17] A few models presented in the literature take into account more species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid modeling network for a helium–argon–copper hollow cathode discharge used for laser applications

Bogaerts

Gijbels

2002

Journal of Applied Physics

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Articles you may be interested inA global model of the self-pulsing regime of micro-hollow cathode discharges J. Appl. Phys. 111, 053305 (2012); 10.1063/1.3690943 Study of the sputtered Cu atoms and Cu + ions in a hollow cathode glow discharge using a hybrid model J. Appl. Phys. 98, 033303 (2005); 10.1063/1.2005381Study of the Ar metastable atom population in a hollow cathode discharge by means of a hybrid model and spectrometric measurements A hybrid modeling network, consisting of several Monte Carlo and fluid models, is developed for a hollow cathode glow discharge in a mixture of helium and argon, with copper as the cathode material. The species considered in the models are the helium and argon gas atoms, electrons, He ϩ , He 2 ϩ , Ar ϩ , and Ar 2 ϩ ions, He and Ar metastable atoms, fast He and Ar atoms, and sputtered Cu atoms and Cu ϩ ions. The modeling network is applied to typical laser conditions. The results of the model, presented in this article, include the electric potential distribution, the density profiles of the various plasma species, and the relative contributions of the various production and loss mechanisms for the plasma species. The model gives us more insight into the plasma behavior, and is therefore useful for optimization of the discharge efficiency for laser applications.

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Calculation of geometrical changes in cylindrical copper hollow cathodes due to sputtering

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

A flexible platform for simulations of sputtering hollow cathode discharges for laser applications

A flexible platform for simulations of sputtering hollow cathode discharges for laser applications

Possibilities of UV laser oscillation on aluminium ion lines

Hybrid modeling network for a helium–argon–copper hollow cathode discharge used for laser applications

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