Calculation and Interpretation of Ground Penetrating Radar for Temperature and Relative Water Content of Seasonal Permafrost in Qinghai-Tibet Platea

Abstract

Due to the seasonal permafrost thawing, the Qinghai-Tibet Highway has a depression and instability of the roadbed. In order to obtain the ablation interface and water content characteristics of seasonal permafrost areas, non-destructive ground penetrating radars using electromagnetic wave detection methods are widely used. Regarding the imaging of the ablation interface in permafrost regions, this paper proposes a high-precision procedure for seasonal permafrost media using waveform difference analysis, electromagnetic wave attenuation attribute calculation and relative wave impedance conversion. It improves the resolution and division accuracy of the imaging. In addition, the study demonstrates a method to calculate the temperature and water content of the ablation zone by mining attenuation attribute, relative wave impedance attribute, absolute instantaneous amplitude attribute and the weighted average frequency attribute parameters under the constraints of the measured data. This method has high accuracy and high efficiency and can be used in the rapid calculation of temperature and water content of seasonal permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet Highway.

Using a 2D Profilometer to Determine Volume and Thickness of Stockpiles and Ground Layers of Roads

“…Studies of roadway layer thickness measurement have evaluated various technologies, including ground-penetrating radar (Tarefder and Ahmed 2018), enhanced resonance search (Wang and Shan 2019), lidar sensors and inclinometers (Liu et al 2016), micro-electromechanical sensor (microphone) systems (Bjurström et al 2016), scanning lasers (Walters et al 2008), magnetic pulse induction (Grove et al 2012), ultrasonic tomography and impact echo methods (Edwards andBell 2016) andcomputer vision (Brayn et al 2015). According to the literature, these technologies have only been used to determine the thickness of the asphalt layer.…”

Non-Visual Sensing of Metallic Pavement Markers From a Moving Vehicle

“…Its disadvantages are that magnet installations are difficult to change, they must be buried on the road surface, and electromagnetic noise [22], [30]. Generally, the vehicle speed is 100 km/h (30 m/s), getting all road markings detected becomes challenging [33].…”

Damage Properties of the Block-Stone Embankment in the Qinghai–Tibet Highway Using Ground-Penetrating Radar Imagery

“…The dielectric constant can be calculated if the buried depth of the target and the two-way travel time of the electromagnetic wave is known [68]. This method is mostly used in practice to estimate the dielectric constant of the mixture of actual surveys; for example, the dielectric constant of permafrost and active layer calculated by this method can inversely deduce the ice content of permafrost and the water content of the active layer [50,54,55,57].…”

“…There are two main applications of GPR in the permafrost regions. One is to research the distribution characteristics and degradation mechanism of permafrost, and the determination of parameters related to specific strata [50][51][52][53][54][55]. The other is to research the impact of the presence and degradation of permafrost on engineering facilities (highways, railways, airports, pipelines, etc.)…”