Calculating cooling extents of green parks using remote sensing: Method and test

Optimizing green space locations to reduce daytime and nighttime urban heat island effects in Phoenix, Arizona

“…Because of air movement and heat exchange, green space moderates temperatures within and beyond its boundaries, effectively forming neighborhood cooling (Ca, Asaeda, & Abu, 1998;Spronken-Smith & Oke, 1998;Spronken-Smith et al, 2000). Furthermore, the cooling effects of nearby green space may interact, enhancing local benefits (Lin et al, 2015;SpronkenSmith & Oke, 1999). A conceptualization of this is illustrated in Fig.…”

“…In addition, an isotropic surface temperature distribution was employed, in which the temperature is represented by its mean value within a given area. In reality, the cooling effect varies spatially in different directions, which would potentially affect the extent and the interactions of cooling among adjacent green areas (see Lin et al, 2015). It is also worth noting that indirect cooling benefits could be more extensive than represented in the modeling framework.…”

“…Extensive research has explored relationships between SUHI and urban land cover, especially with regard to vegetation (Buyantuyev & Wu, 2010;Li, Li, Middel, Harlan, & Brazel, 2016;Myint, Wentz, Brazel, & Quattrochi, 2013;Ren et al, 2013;Weng 2009;. Studies have suggested that land cover composition and configuration of the green space are strong predictors of its cooling effect (Cao, Onishi, Chen, & Imura, 2010;Li et al, 2013;Lin, Yu, Chang, Wu, & Zhang, 2015;Maimaitiyiming et al, 2014;Ren et al, 2013Ren et al, 2013. Furthermore, local context and adjacent green space also have impacts on cooling (Cheng, Wei, Chen, Li, & Song, 2014;Lin et al, 2015;Spronken-Smith & Oke, 1998.…”

“…Studies have suggested that land cover composition and configuration of the green space are strong predictors of its cooling effect (Cao, Onishi, Chen, & Imura, 2010;Li et al, 2013;Lin, Yu, Chang, Wu, & Zhang, 2015;Maimaitiyiming et al, 2014;Ren et al, 2013Ren et al, 2013. Furthermore, local context and adjacent green space also have impacts on cooling (Cheng, Wei, Chen, Li, & Song, 2014;Lin et al, 2015;Spronken-Smith & Oke, 1998. Explicit linkages between cooling effects and the locations of green spaces are missing, however, causing difficulties for location model construction.…”

Quantifying the influences of various ecological factors on land surface temperature of urban forests

“…Compared with elevation, few quantitative studies have focused on the interactions between species composition and multiple ecological factors on urban forest LST. Moreover, previous studies on the biological characteristics of the cooling effect due to different tree species have mainly been carried out on smaller scales such as in parks and sample plots (Lin et al, 2015). Our interaction study compares patches with different dominant trees species on an urban scale.…”