Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Diseases of Abnormal Mineral (Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium) Metabolism

Rosol, Thomas J.; Capen, Charles C.

doi:10.1016/b978-012396305-5/50024-5

Cited by 99 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 291 publications

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“…A maior parte da absorção ocorre na porção cranial do duodeno, tanto em ruminantes como em não-ruminantes (Rosol & Capen, 1997), onde o pH é suficientemente baixo para permitir a formação de fosfato solúvel (Ben-Ghedalia et al, 1975).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Avaliação dos efeitos de fontes de fósforo na dieta sobre parâmetros do meio ruminal e eficiência de síntese microbiana, digestibilidade dos nutrientes e fósforo plasmático em bovinos

Barreto¹,

Branco²,

Santos³

et al. 2009

R. Bras. Zootec.

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Evaluation of different phosphorus sources in the diet on ruminal parameters, microbial synthesis, nutrient apparent digestibility and plasma phosphorus in cattle ABSTRACT -This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of different phosphorus sources, in diets of growing cattle, on apparent partial and total nutrient digestibility; ruminal parameters; microbial efficiency synthesis and plasma phosphorus. Four Holstein steers weighting 280 kg and implanted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used. The experimental design was a 4 × 4 Latin Square and treatments were four supplemental phosphorus sources in the diet as follows:dicalcium phosphate (DP), supertriple phosphate (SP), monoammonium phosphate (MP) and Araxa rock phosphate (ARP).Phosphorus sources did not affect intake, fecal flow, apparent ruminal and intestinal digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and non fiber carbohydrates (NFC). There was a lower phosphorus apparent absorption for ARP, differing of DP and MP. Animals receiving ARP showed higher intake, fecal flow, duodenal flow, ruminal disappearance and total disappearance for fluoride. Animals receiving ARP presented fluoride levels higher than those acceptable to avoid toxicity. Phosphorus sources did not affect plasma phosphorus, nitrogen intake, microbial efficiency synthesis and ruminal bacteria composition. Treatments did not affect ruminal pH and ruminal ammonia concentration. These results show a possible use for supertriple phosphate and monoammonium phosphate to replace dicalcium phosphate.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Avaliação dos efeitos de fontes de fósforo na dieta sobre parâmetros do meio ruminal e eficiência de síntese microbiana, digestibilidade dos nutrientes e fósforo plasmático em bovinos

Barreto¹,

Branco²,

Santos³

et al. 2009

R. Bras. Zootec.

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“…PTHrP is widely expressed in many normal fetal and adult tissues. In healthy adults, PTHrP has mostly autocrine or paracrine roles, while in humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy and in fetuses it has an endocrine function (Rosol and Capen, 1997). PTHrP plays an important role in normal fetal calcium homeostasis and in the placental transfer of calcium in humans (Kovacs and Kronenberg, 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma parathyroid hormone-related peptide and bone metabolism in periparturient dairy cows

Filipović

Stojević

Zdelar-Tuk

et al. 2008

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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The first weeks of lactation in dairy cows are characterised by elevated bone resorption. The connection between lactation and bone metabolism is still much discussed. In this work, changes in the concentration of plasma parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) and markers of bone metabolism were studied in Holstein cows and heifers in the dry period and early lactation to determine the role of PTHrP in the relationship between the rate of bone remodelling and the onset of lactation in dairy cows. Blood samples were taken 14 days before calving ('D-14', n = 23) and then on day 10 ('D+10', n = 21) and day 30 after calving ('D+30', n = 23). Using enzyme immunoassay (EIA), the concentrations of PTHrP, parathyroid hormone (PTH), carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) and oestradiol and the activity of bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BSALP) were determined. The results showed a statistically significant increase in plasma PTHrP (p < 0.005) and CTX (p < 0.0001) in cows on 'D+10' as compared to 'D-14' and CTX on 'D+30' as compared to 'D-14' (p < 0.0001). Significant negative correlations were found between the concentrations of PTHrP and oestradiol (r = -0.29, p < 0.05) and those of CTX and oestradiol (r = -0.54, p < 0.0001). In nonpregnant heifers (n = 6), the concentration of CTX and the activity of BSALP were significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than in dry cows. The observed increments of PTHrP and bone resorption after parturition reveal adaptations of bone metabolism to lactation in dairy cows.

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“…Compensatory increase in the production and secretion of PTH, which acts in bones, kidneys, and intestines increases calcium absorption (Rosol & Capen 2008). All the affected goats in this study showed high phosphorus, low calcium, and high PTH serum levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Nutritional fibrous osteodystrophy in goats

et al. 2011

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Seven out of 25 goats from a southern Brazilian ϐlock developed nutritional ϐibrous osteodystrophy. Affected animals were younger than 1 year of age and were conϐined in stalls and fed a concentrate ration containing 1:6 calcium:phosphorus ratio. The remaining ϐlock (35 goats) was managed at pasture and showed no disease. Clinical signs were characterized by mandibular and maxillary enlargements, varying degrees of mouth opening and protruding tongue, dyspnea, apart of abnormalities of prehension and mastication. Affected animals had increased seric levels of phosphorus and parathormone, as well as higher alkaline phosphatase activity. Postmortem examination on three succumbed goats revealed bilateral enlargement of the maxilla and mandibula, and loose teeth, apart of multiple incomplete rib fractures in one of them. Severe diffuse proliferation of loose connective tissue surrounded the osteoid trabeculae, many of which were partially or completely nonmineralized. Mineralized osteoid trabeculae showed osteoclasts in the Howship's lacunae.INDEX TERMS: Goat diseases, ϐibrous osteodystrophy, hyperparathyroidism, hyperphosphatemia.RESUMO.-[Osteodistroϐia ϐibrosa nutricional em caprinos.] Sete de um total de 25 caprinos jovens (menos de um ano de idade) de um rebanho no sul do Brasil desenvolveram osteodistroϐia ϐibrosa nutricional. Os animais afetados eram conϐinados em baias e alimentados com concentrado, cuja relação Ca:P era 1:6. O restante do rebanho (35 cabras) era mantido na pastagem e não desenvolveu a doença. Os sinais clínicos se caracterizaram por aumento de volume da mandibula e maxila, vários graus de abertura de boca com protrusão da língua, em associação com dispneia e anormalidades de apreensão de alimento e mastigação. Os animais afetados apresentaram os níveis séricos de fósforo e paratormônio aumentados, bem como maior atividade de fosfatase alcalina. Três caprinos foram necropsiados e os achados de necropsia incluíram aumento bilateral da maxila e mandíbula, dentes frouxos, além de múltiplas fraturas incompletas de costelas em um caprino. Microscopicamente, havia intensa proliferação de tecido conjuntivo frouxo ao redor de trabéculas ósseas, muitas das quais estavam parcial ou completamente não mineralizadas. Trabéculas ósseas mineralizadas apresentaram osteoclastos em lacunas de Howship. TERMOS DE INDEXAÇÃO: Doenças de caprinos, osteodistroϐia ϐi-brosa, hiperparatireoidismo, hiperfosfatemia.

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Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Diseases of Abnormal Mineral (Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium) Metabolism

Cited by 99 publications

References 291 publications

Avaliação dos efeitos de fontes de fósforo na dieta sobre parâmetros do meio ruminal e eficiência de síntese microbiana, digestibilidade dos nutrientes e fósforo plasmático em bovinos

Avaliação dos efeitos de fontes de fósforo na dieta sobre parâmetros do meio ruminal e eficiência de síntese microbiana, digestibilidade dos nutrientes e fósforo plasmático em bovinos

Plasma parathyroid hormone-related peptide and bone metabolism in periparturient dairy cows

Nutritional fibrous osteodystrophy in goats

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