Calcium, magnesium, and whole-milk intakes and high-aggressive prostate cancer in the North Carolina–Louisiana Prostate Cancer Project (PCaP)

Steck, Susan E.; Omofuma, Omonefe O.; Su, L. Joseph; Maise, Amanda A.; Woloszynska‐Read, Anna; Johnson, Candace S.; Zhang, Hongmei; Bensen, Jeannette T.; Fontham, Elizabeth T.H.; Mohler, James L.; Arab, Lenore

doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqy037

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…At present, targeted inhibition of cancer cell signaling network is suggested to be an effective strategy for the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and migration (Seydi, Salimi, Rasekh, Mohsenifar, & Pourahmad, 2018). Isoflavones as therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer have gained much attention due to their low cytotoxic effects and ability to modulate multiple apoptosis pathways (Budryn, Grzelczyk, & Pérez-Sánchez, 2018;Kaushik, Shyam, Sharma, & Balapure, 2018;Malloy et al, 2018). Similarly, in this study, we found that glycitein inhibited gastric cancer cell line growth at different concentrations for 24 hr.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Glycitein induces reactive oxygen species‐dependent apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest through the MAPK/STAT3/NF‐κB pathway in human gastric cancer cells

Zang

Feng

Luo

et al. 2019

Drug Development Research

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Glycitein is an isoflavone that reportedly inhibits the proliferation of human breast cancer and prostate cancer cells. However, its anti-cancer molecular mechanisms in human gastric cancer remain to be defined. This study evaluated the antitumor effects of glycitein on human gastric cancer cells and investigated the underlying mechanisms. We used MTT assay, flow cytometry and western blotting to investigate its molecular mechanisms with focus on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Our results showed that glycitein had significant cytotoxic effects on human gastric cancer cells. Glycitein markedly decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm) and increased AGS cells mitochondrial-related apoptosis, and caused G0/G1 cell cycle arrest by regulating cycle-related protein. Mechanistically, accompanying ROS, glycitein can activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and inhibited the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Furthermore, the MAPK signaling pathway regulated the expression levels of STAT3 and NF-κB upon treatment with MAPK inhibitor and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). These findings suggested that glycitein induced AGS cell apoptosis and G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest via ROS-related MAPK/STAT3/NF-κB signaling pathways. Thus, glycitein has the potential to a novel targeted therapeutic agent for human gastric cancer.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Glycitein induces reactive oxygen species‐dependent apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest through the MAPK/STAT3/NF‐κB pathway in human gastric cancer cells

Zang

Feng

Luo

et al. 2019

Drug Development Research

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“…A recent study confirmed that in comparison to men who consumed < 1 servings/day of whole milk, those who drank ≥ 3 servings/day had an increased hazard of PCa mortality [282]. In 996 African American and 1064 European American men diagnosed with PCa, a higher whole milk intake was associated with higher odds of high-aggressive PCa [283]. Pettersson et al [284] showed that men with the highest versus lowest intake of whole milk were at an increased risk of PCa progression.…”

Section: Prostate Cancermentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Branched-chain fatty acids in milk and dairy products markedly enhance AMACR expression in PCa cells in vitro [289]. In contrast to whole milk, total dairy and fermented milk products did not correlate with PCa risk [281][282][283][284][285]. Milk fat and calcium are obviously not the primary causative nutritional factors in whole milk for PCa initiation and progression, as milk fat is abundant in cheese and other fermented milk products.…”

Section: Prostate Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes of pasteurized milk: potential pathogens of Western diseases

Melnik

Schmitz

2019

J Transl Med

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Milk consumption is a hallmark of western diet. According to common believes, milk consumption has beneficial effects for human health. Pasteurization of cow's milk protects thermolabile vitamins and other organic compounds including bioactive and bioavailable exosomes and extracellular vesicles in the range of 40-120 nm, which are pivotal mediators of cell communication via systemic transfer of specific micro-ribonucleic acids, mRNAs and regulatory proteins such as transforming growth factor-β. There is compelling evidence that human and bovine milk exosomes play a crucial role for adequate metabolic and immunological programming of the newborn infant at the beginning of extrauterine life. Milk exosomes assist in executing an anabolic, growth-promoting and immunological program confined to the postnatal period in all mammals. However, epidemiological and translational evidence presented in this review indicates that continuous exposure of humans to exosomes of pasteurized milk may confer a substantial risk for the development of chronic diseases of civilization including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, common cancers (prostate, breast, liver, B-cells) as well as Parkinson's disease. Exosomes of pasteurized milk may represent new pathogens that should not reach the human food chain.

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“…A meta-analysis of the relevant literature did not reveal any correlations between the consumption of milk with different fat content and the risk of breast cancer [83]. However, the risk of aggressive prostate cancer was 74% higher in men who consumed the largest quantities of whole milk relative to subjects who did not consume whole milk [84]. Despite the fact that high consumption of dairy products has been linked with the risk of prostate cancer, the accumulated evidence is ambiguous, mainly due to statistical inconsistency [85].…”

Section: Annals Of Agricultural and Environmental Medicinementioning

confidence: 94%

“…The concentration of IGF-1 is several-fold higher in the milk of cows simulated with bovine somatotropin (rbGh) which radically increases milk yield and was approved for use in the USA in 1994 [87]. High blood levels of IGF-1 increase the risk of prostate and breast cancer [84,88,89]. For this reason, the use of rbGh in dairy cattle has been banned in all EU member states, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Japan.…”

Section: Annals Of Agricultural and Environmental Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

The anticarcinogenic potential of milk fat

Cichosz¹,

Hanna²,

Bielecka³

2020

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Introduction and objective. The anticarcinogenic potential of milk fat can be attributed to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulatory properties as well as the presence of compounds with antimutagenic effects. In view of the high incidence of cancer the aim of this article was to review the literature concerning the biological activity of milk fat components. Brief description of the state of knowledge. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), coenzyme Q10, phospholipids, β-carotene, and vitamins A, D and E play an important role in the pro-oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis. The anti-inflammatory properties of milk fat can be attributed to the presence of phospholipids and short-and medium-chain saturated fatty acids. Conjugated linoleic acid has immunostimulatory properties, and it influences the proliferation and activity of lymphocytes and macrophages. Saturated (C10 and C12) and unsaturated (C18) fatty acids, as well as sphingolipids, exert bactericidal effects in the gastrointestinal tract. Vaccenic acid, CLA and sphingomyelin possess antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties. Butyric acid promotes the apoptosis of cancer cells in the liver, and delivers positive effects in the treatment of breast and colorectal cancer. Alkylglycerols activate macrophages, stimulate phagocytosis and, most importantly, the apoptosis of cancer cells. Conclusions. The health benefits of milk fat are not fully exploited due to its low consumption. Therefore, only some epidemiological studies have shown a negative correlation between the consumption of high-fat dairy products and the incidence of cancer. More research is needed involving human clinical trials to allow a better understanding of the anticancer biochemistry related with milk fat compounds.

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Calcium, magnesium, and whole-milk intakes and high-aggressive prostate cancer in the North Carolina–Louisiana Prostate Cancer Project (PCaP)

Abstract: Among both African American and European American men diagnosed with prostate cancer, a higher Ca:Mg and whole-milk intake were associated with higher odds of high-aggressive prostate cancer. This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03289130.

Cited by 29 publications

References 36 publications

Glycitein induces reactive oxygen species‐dependent apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest through the MAPK/STAT3/NF‐κB pathway in human gastric cancer cells

Glycitein induces reactive oxygen species‐dependent apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest through the MAPK/STAT3/NF‐κB pathway in human gastric cancer cells

Exosomes of pasteurized milk: potential pathogens of Western diseases

The anticarcinogenic potential of milk fat

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