Calcium-based mixed oxide catalysts for methanolysis of Jatropha curcas oil to biodiesel

Taufiq‐Yap, Yun Hin; Lee, Hwei Voon; Hussein, Mohd Zobir; Yunus, Robiah

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.11.011

Cited by 244 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The result showed that the synthesized catalyst has typical peaks owned by MgO, namely in theta 36.9 0 ; 42.9 0 ; 53.8 0 and 62.9 0 . These results were similar with the XRD pattern of the Ca/MgO catalyst from previous research [11], which showed the same typical peak of Ca/MgO catalyst. The XRD diffractograms were observed regarding to the effect of doping metal against 2θ shift that appear on the typical peak of MgO.…”

Section: X-ray Diffractogram Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Synthesis of Ca/MgO catalyst using sol gel method for monoglycerides production

Anggoro¹,

Buchori²,

Sasongko³

et al. 2018

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. This paper discusses Ca-doped MgO catalysts using Sol-Gel method. The doping of Ca is expected to increase the basicity of the catalyst. The basicity of catalyst has effect on the monoglycerides production by glycerolysis reaction. The Ca/MgO catalyst was prepared by sol gel method by using solution as a precursor. This method was expected to produce a more homogeneous mixture of Mg and Ca. The catalyst was characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and the basicity was analyzed using Hammett titration method. The monoglycerides yield was analyzed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Based on Hammett's titration method, the basicity value was calculated in which the largest value was obtained by the dopant concentration of 2% Ca and calcination temperature of 800 0 C. The 2% Ca/MgO catalyst that has the highest basicity value was tested for the production of monoglycerides through glycerolysis reaction. This reaction carried on the conditions of 200 0 C, the catalyst amount of 0.1% weight of oil, the ratio of glycerol : oil = 3 : 1, reaction time of 3 hours, and stirring speed of 700 rpm. The composition of monoglyceride on oil phase product was 100%, while without catalysts composition was 7.43%.

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Section: X-ray Diffractogram Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Synthesis of Ca/MgO catalyst using sol gel method for monoglycerides production

Anggoro¹,

Buchori²,

Sasongko³

et al. 2018

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…Many studies are cited in literature: CaO/MgO [11] [12], CaO/CeO [13], CaO/ ZnO [11] [14] [15], CaO/ZrO 2 [16] [17], MgO/SrO [9], CaO/aluminate [18], CaO/silicate [19] [20], Mg/Al oxides [18] [24], CaO/activated charcoal [25], CaO-KF [26] [27] [28] [29], MgO/KOH [30], Ti/MgO [31], MgO/chitosan [32], and CaO/zeolite [33].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deactivation Processes, Regeneration Conditions and Reusability Performance of CaO or MgO Based Catalysts Used for Biodiesel Production—A Review

Oueda¹,

Bonzi-Coulibaly²,

Ouédraogo³

2017

MSA

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The activity of a catalyst in transestrification reaction usually declines with repeated uses and this limits the possibility to use it many times. This paper presents a review of various techniques used to evaluate the activity changes, the recycling processes for calcium and magnesium oxides based heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production. The activity of calcium and magnesium oxides based catalysts declines due to leaching, surface or active sites poisoning by reactant or product molecules and modification of physical aspects. Physico-chemical methods (AAS, BET, CO 2 -TPD, EDS, FTIR, ICP-AES, SEM, TG/DTA and XRD) were used to check the catalyst modification and to confirm the deactivation. When separated from the reaction mixture by filtration, the catalyst could be reused without any treatment or recycled by washing, drying or/and recalcination. Between various recycling processes for calcium and magnesium oxides based catalysts, mixed oxides showed less leaching and performed FAME or FAEE yield >90% with reusability.

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“…Catalyst reusability is an input step for commercial feasibility since it decreases the budget of WCOME s manufacture 32 . Thus, the recycling of the ferric-manganese doped tungstated molybdena nanoparticle catalyst for biodiesel production was studied for several runs after the catalyst had been washed with hexane and then methanol to remove the non-polar and polar compounds and finally dried in an oven at a temperature fixed as maximum as 120 through six hours.…”

Section: Reusability Of the Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%