Calcium and silicon mineralization in land plants: Transport, structure and function

Bauer, Petra; Elbaum, Rivka; Weiss, Ingrid M.

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.01.019

Cited by 187 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…S7B), indicating that the microstructure of the mannosyl groups may be changed (33). Ca 2+ and K + are essential for almost all life activities of plant cells, and can be absorbed through the plasma membrane (34,35). By using the DPV technique, we showed that 12 h after the 30-μM La(III) treatment, the K + and Ca 2+ levels on the protoplast surface were both decreased relative to the control cells (SI Appendix, Fig.…”

Section: La(iii) Treatment Triggered Complex Physiological Responses Inmentioning

confidence: 94%

Rare earth elements activate endocytosis in plant cells

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

124

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It has long been observed that rare earth elements (REEs) regulate multiple facets of plant growth and development. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, using electron microscopic autoradiography, we show the life cycle of a light REE (lanthanum) and a heavy REE (terbium) in horseradish leaf cells. Our data indicate that REEs were first anchored on the plasma membrane in the form of nanoscale particles, and then entered the cells by endocytosis. Consistently, REEs activated endocytosis in plant cells, which may be the cellular basis of REE actions in plants. Moreover, we discovered that a portion of REEs was successively released into the cytoplasm, self-assembled to form nanoscale clusters, and finally deposited in horseradish leaf cells. Taken together, our data reveal the life cycle of REEs and their cellular behaviors in plant cells, which shed light on the cellular mechanisms of REE actions in living organisms.activation | endocytic vesicle S ome trace elements, such as rare earth elements (REEs), have been observed for a long time to be beneficial to plant growth (1, 2). REEs are f-block elements in the periodic table, including 15 lanthanides, plus scandium and yttrium (2). The beneficial effect of REEs on plants was first reported in 1917, when it was found that cerium, an REE, improved physiological activities of water-floss (Spirogyra) (3). Since the 1970s, REEs have been widely used in agriculture as plant growth stimulants (4). Currently, more than 100 of crop species have been applied with REEs, which has increased crop yields by 5-15% (4). In addition, REEs also serve to protect plants against certain plant diseases and some stresses, such as drought, cold, acid rain, or heavy metals (2). The wide use of REEs has caused an overaccumulation of REEs in the ecosystem, including soil (5), atmosphere (6), and water (7). Moreover, it was shown that REEs have dual effects on plant growth: low concentrations of REEs exert positive effects on growth and yield of crops, whereas high concentrations of REEs seem to be harmful for plants, indicating that REEs are not absolutely good for plants (2). Therefore, it is imperative to elucidate how REEs act on plant cells to ensure food safety.Despite of many advances achieved in recent years, the action mechanisms of REEs on plant cells still remain poorly understood (2). Several explanations, which are mainly focused on the physiological roles of REEs in plant cells, have been proposed (2). These mechanisms include the possible changes of photosynthesis, mineral nutrient uptake and metabolism, catalytic activities of some enzymes, hormonal balance, and so forth (2). However, these hypotheses are not connected to any cellular or molecular principles and are therefore far from explaining the action mechanisms of REEs in plants (2,8). In addition, little consensus has yet been reached regarding the life cycle of REEs in plant cells. Some studies report that REEs cannot enter the plant cells but only be localized in apoplast (8-14); other st...

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Section: La(iii) Treatment Triggered Complex Physiological Responses Inmentioning

confidence: 94%

Rare earth elements activate endocytosis in plant cells

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

124

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“…It occurs in cell walls, cell lumens, in inter-cellular matrix, and in a layer under the wax cuticle. The silica in silica cells is deposited after the protoplast is degraded, and silica is deposited to higher degree in wounded cells, and in older cells (BAUER;ELBAUM;WEISS, 2011). Frequently, the accumulation of Si occurs in regions of maximum transpiration, such as: leaf epidermis near the stomatal guard cells, trichomes and thorns, which mitigates the effects of biotic and abiotic stresses (DAYANANDAM; KAUFMAN;FRAKIN, 1983).…”

Section: Silicon Uptake By Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study of different sources of silicate in sugarcane grown in Florida (USA), in which two were slags and one was cement, the materials were applied and incorporated at pre-planting and, regardless of their source, significantly increased the height and stalk yield of the cane plants and ratoon crops (ELAWAD; GASCHO; STREET, 1982). Similarly, Ayres (1966) showed an 18% increase in yield and a 22% increase in sugar production with the use of 6.2 Mg ha -1 slag applied in oxisol, in Hawaii (USA).…”

Section: Use Of Silicon (Si) Fertilizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon: fertilization and nutrition in higher plants

Marafon¹,

Endres²

2013

RCA

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ABSTRACT:In this study, we aimed to provide information about the use of silicates in plant cultivation. Although silicon (Si) is one of the most abundant elements found in most soils in substantial quantities, various classes of soils, mainly the sandy ones, present low amounts of available Si in their upper horizons. In these soils, some plants such as sugarcane and rice, which have keen ability to accumulate Si in their tissues, can respond favorably to silicon fertilization. Silicates behave similarly to calcium and magnesium carbonates in soil, promoting chemical reactions similar to those induced by limestone, including pH increase, precipitation of toxic aluminum (Al 3+ ) and manganese (Mn 2+ ), increase of exchangeable calcium and magnesium and base saturation levels, and reduction of Al 3+ saturation, with the additional benefit of increasing Si levels in soils. Si benefits to plants are related mainly with increasing their resistance to attacks by insect pests, nematodes and diseases, and with reducing their transpiration rate, which provides further tolerance to water stress during periods of low soil moisture. RESUMO

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“…Plants take up silica actively as silicic acid. The transport is genetically controlled and several genes responsible for silica uptake are known (Bauer et al 2011). The mechanism by which silicic acid is deposited and converted to silica is still unknown as well as the mode of interaction between silica and organic compounds in the plant cell wall.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid-state ²⁹Si NMR and FTIR analyses of lignin-silica coprecipitates

Cabrera

Larsen

et al. 2016

Holzforschung

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When agricultural residues are processed to ethanol, lignin and silica are some of the main byproducts. Separation of these two products is difficult and the chemical interactions between lignin and silica are not well described. In the present study, the effect of lignin-silica complexing has been investigated by characterizing lignin and silica coprecipitates by FTIR and solid state NMR. Silica particles were coprecipitated with three different lignins, three lignin model compounds, and two silanes representing silica-inlignin model compounds. Comparison of 29 Si SP/MAS NMR spectra revealed differences in the distribution of silanol hydroxyl groups among different coprecipitates. These differences are dependent on the lignin type. The results are interpreted that the underlying mechanism of the interactions is the formation of hydrogen bonds between lignin aliphatic hydroxyl or carboxyl groups and the silanols, but not a condensation of the silica-inlignin among the silica particles and not the formation of C-O-Si bonds.

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Calcium and silicon mineralization in land plants: Transport, structure and function

Cited by 187 publications

References 124 publications

Rare earth elements activate endocytosis in plant cells

Rare earth elements activate endocytosis in plant cells

Silicon: fertilization and nutrition in higher plants

Solid-state ²⁹Si NMR and FTIR analyses of lignin-silica coprecipitates

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Calcium and silicon mineralization in land plants: Transport, structure and function

Cited by 187 publications

References 124 publications

Rare earth elements activate endocytosis in plant cells

Rare earth elements activate endocytosis in plant cells

Silicon: fertilization and nutrition in higher plants

Solid-state 29Si NMR and FTIR analyses of lignin-silica coprecipitates

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Solid-state ²⁹Si NMR and FTIR analyses of lignin-silica coprecipitates