Calcaneus height is a key morphological factor of sprint performance in sprinters

Suga, Tadashi; Terada, Msafumi; Tanaka, Takahiro; Miyake, Yuto; Ueno, Hiromasa; Otsuka, Mitsuo; Nagano, Akinori; Isaka, Tadao

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-72388-7

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The study by Suga et al (2020) suggested that while a longer calcaneus indicates potentially longer forelimb and hindfoot bones and higher arch height, it may be an important morphological factor for achieving superior sprint performance. They argued that their findings could improve our understanding of the importance of foot morphology on athletic performance in athletes (Suga et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Relationship Between foot Deformities and Radiographic Measurements of the Talus and Calcaneus

2022

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The weight of the body is transmitted to the foot through the subtalar joint and talus. Considering the important location of the talus and calcaneus, the morphological structures of these bones may affect the biomechanics of the subtalar joint. At the same time, the morphological structure of these bones is important in some common foot deformities. We aimed to investigate whether the various measurements of the talus and calcaneus are associated with different foot deformities in this study. In this study, radiography images of 158 (72 male and 86 female) patients within the mean age of 44 years were retrospectively examined. Eleven different measurements of the talus and calcaneus were obtained from the lateral and antero-posterior radiographs of the patients. A total of 158 patient's routine clinic radiographs were retrospectively assessed, which have calcaneal spur (n=63), hallux valgus (n=32) and control group (n=63). We determined that the body height of the calcaneus, maximum width of the head of the talus, minimum anterior width of the calcaneus were significantly different between calcaneal spur group and control group. Maximum length fibular malleolar facet of the talus was significantly different between age groups. And we determined that the calcaneal index was significantly different between hallux valgus group and control groups. Also all measurements were significantly different between males and females. As a result, some measurements that significantly determine the morphology of the talus and calcaneus were found to be significant between deformity groups and control groups. We think that our study will contribute to the literature as it is the first study in which the measurements obtained from the radiographic images of the talus and calcaneus are associated with foot deformities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Relationship Between foot Deformities and Radiographic Measurements of the Talus and Calcaneus

2022

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“…Several characteristics are positively associated with power performance, including circulating levels of testosterone, percentage and cross-sectional area of fast-twitch muscle fibres, muscle mass and strength, body and calcaneus height, muscle fascicle length, and reaction time, among others [ 3 , 238 , 239 , 240 , 241 , 242 , 243 , 244 ]. The heritability of power-related phenotypes has been reported in the literature to range from approximately 49 to 86% in a range of phenotypes, including jumping ability [ 245 , 246 ].…”

Section: Gene Variants For Power Athlete Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genes and Athletic Performance: The 2023 Update

Semenova

Hall

Ahmetov

2023

Genes

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Phenotypes of athletic performance and exercise capacity are complex traits influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. This update on the panel of genetic markers (DNA polymorphisms) associated with athlete status summarises recent advances in sports genomics research, including findings from candidate gene and genome-wide association (GWAS) studies, meta-analyses, and findings involving larger-scale initiatives such as the UK Biobank. As of the end of May 2023, a total of 251 DNA polymorphisms have been associated with athlete status, of which 128 genetic markers were positively associated with athlete status in at least two studies (41 endurance-related, 45 power-related, and 42 strength-related). The most promising genetic markers include the AMPD1 rs17602729 C, CDKN1A rs236448 A, HFE rs1799945 G, MYBPC3 rs1052373 G, NFIA-AS2 rs1572312 C, PPARA rs4253778 G, and PPARGC1A rs8192678 G alleles for endurance; ACTN3 rs1815739 C, AMPD1 rs17602729 C, CDKN1A rs236448 C, CPNE5 rs3213537 G, GALNTL6 rs558129 T, IGF2 rs680 G, IGSF3 rs699785 A, NOS3 rs2070744 T, and TRHR rs7832552 T alleles for power; and ACTN3 rs1815739 C, AR ≥21 CAG repeats, LRPPRC rs10186876 A, MMS22L rs9320823 T, PHACTR1 rs6905419 C, and PPARG rs1801282 G alleles for strength. It should be appreciated, however, that elite performance still cannot be predicted well using only genetic testing.

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“…The inertia of the human in the sagittal plane was 12.9 kg-m 2 [15]. The BoS was defined as a foot of 0.25 m with a rearfoot to forefoot ratio of 0.08:0.17 [16]. As such, the CoM exceeds the BoS when θ 1 = 9.5 • .…”

Section: A Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human balance augmentation via a supernumerary robotic tail

Abeywardena

Anwar

Miller

et al. 2022

2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &Amp; Biology Society (EMBC)

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Humans are intrinsically unstable in quiet stance from a rigid body system viewpoint; however, they maintain balance thanks to muscular and neuro-sensory properties whilst still exhibiting postural sway characteristics. This work introduces a one-degree-of-freedom supernumerary tail for balance augmentation in the sagittal plane to negate anteriorposterior postural sway. Simulations showed that the tail could successfully balance a human with impaired ankle stiffness and neural control. Insights into tail design and control were made; namely, to minimise muscular load the tail must have a significant component in the direction of the muscle load, mounting location of the tail is significant in maximising inertial properties for balance augmentation and that adaptive control will exploit augmentation characteristic of the tail best for different loads held by a wearer.

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Calcaneus height is a key morphological factor of sprint performance in sprinters

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

Investigation of the Relationship Between foot Deformities and Radiographic Measurements of the Talus and Calcaneus

Investigation of the Relationship Between foot Deformities and Radiographic Measurements of the Talus and Calcaneus

Genes and Athletic Performance: The 2023 Update

Human balance augmentation via a supernumerary robotic tail

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