Cafeteria diet induces obesity and insulin resistance associated with oxidative stress but not with inflammation: improvement by dietary supplementation with a melon superoxide dismutase

Carillon, Julie; Romain, Cindy; Bardy, Guillaume; Fouret, Gilles; Feillet‐Coudray, Christine; Gaillet, Sylvie; Lacan, Dominique; Cristol, Jean‐Paul; Rouanet, Jean-Max

doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.06.022

Cited by 56 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…This suggests that Extramel ® supplementation could act through a modulation of oxidative status, as this mechanism has already been demonstrated in other models of oxidative stress related diseases [25]. Indeed, exactly the same oral melon concentrate administration was associated with an increased in endogenous antioxidant defence in animals [26,27,28,29]. We have shown that melon SOD concentrate supplementation, could increase endogenous antioxidant enzymes (SOD, glutathione peroxidase and catalase) in the liver and adipose tissue of obese hamsters [26,27], in the liver of healthy rats [28], and in the heart of spontaneously hypertensive rat [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Dietary Supplementation with a Superoxide Dismutase-Melon Concentrate Reduces Stress, Physical and Mental Fatigue in Healthy People: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Carillon¹,

Notin²,

Schmitt³

et al. 2014

Nutrients

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Background: We aimed to investigate effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD)-melon concentrate supplementation on psychological stress, physical and mental fatigue in healthy people. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed on 61 people divided in two groups: active supplement (n = 32) and placebo (n = 29) for 12 weeks. Volunteers were given one small hard capsule per day. One capsule contained 10 mg of SOD-melon concentrate (140 U of SOD) and starch for the active supplement and starch only for the placebo. Stress and fatigue were evaluated using four psychometric scales: PSS-14; SF-36; Stroop tests and Prevost scale. Results: The supplementation with SOD-melon concentrate significantly decreased perceived stress, compared to placebo. Moreover, quality of life was improved and physical and mental fatigue were reduced with SOD-melon concentrate supplementation. Conclusion: SOD-melon concentrate supplementation appears to be an effective and natural way to reduce stress and fatigue. Trial registration: trial approved by the ethical committee of Poitiers (France), and the ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier is NCT01767922.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Dietary Supplementation with a Superoxide Dismutase-Melon Concentrate Reduces Stress, Physical and Mental Fatigue in Healthy People: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Carillon¹,

Notin²,

Schmitt³

et al. 2014

Nutrients

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“…Carillon et al confirmed that insulin resistance and obesity inflammation were disassociated in the liver [48]. They proposed that the inflammatory imbalance in…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Decaffeinated green tea extract rich in epigallocatechin-3-gallate prevents fatty liver disease by increased activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes in diet-induced obesity mice

Santamarina

Carvalho-Silva

Gomes

et al. 2015

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has been considered the hepatic manifestation of obesity. It is unclear whether supplementation with green tea extract rich in epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) influences the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and insulin resistance in the liver. EGCG regulated hepatic mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and was capable of improving lipid metabolism, attenuating insulin resistance in obese mice. Mice were divided into four groups: control diet+water (CW) or EGCG (CE) and hyperlipidic diet+water (HFW) or EGCG (HFE). All animals received water and diets ad libitum for 16 weeks. Placebo groups received water (0.1 ml/day) and EGCG groups (0.1 ml EGCG and 50 mg/kg/day) by gavage. Cytokines concentrations were obtained by ELISA, protein expression through Western blotting and mitochondrial complex enzymatic activity by colorimetric assay of substrate degradation. HFW increased body weight gain, adiposity index, retroperitoneal and mesenteric adipose tissue relative weight, serum glucose, insulin and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Basal Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR); glucose intolerance was observed in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as well as ectopic fat liver deposition. HFE group decreased body weight gain, retroperitoneal and mesenteric adipose tissue relative weight, HOMA-IR, insulin levels and liver fat accumulation; increased complexes II-III and IV and malate dehydrogenase activities and improvement in glucose uptake in OGTT and insulin sensitivity by increased protein expression of total AKT, IRα and IRS1. We did not find alterations in inflammatory parameters analyzed. EGCG was able to prevent obesity stimulating the mitochondrial complex chain, increasing energy expenditure, particularly from the oxidation of lipid substrates, thereby contributing to the prevention of hepatic steatosis and improved insulin sensitivity.

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“…Carillon et al 30 pointed out that obesity induced by an inadequate diet may be associated with oxidative stress, reducing the antioxidant defenses and allowing vitamin C to act as a natural antioxidant, which helps to treat obesity. Still in this context, in oxidant conditions, obesity may favor the development of insulin resistance by deregulating pro-inflammatory adipokines and cytokines 31 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin C decreases the obesogenic and hyperglycemic effect of invert sugar in prediabetic rats

Molz¹,

Rael

Fischer

et al. 2017

Rev. Nutr.

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Objective: To evaluate whether vitamin C can help to prevent obesity and hyperglycemia in Wistar rats treated with excess invert sugar to induce prediabetes. Methods: One hundred-day-old Male Wistar rats with a mean weight of 336.58±23.43g were randomly assigned to the following groups: (1) control, receiving water (C); (2) invert sugar control, receiving a 32% watery solution of invert sugar; (3) vitamin C control, receiving a watery solution of vitamin C (60mg/L), and (4) vitamin C plus invert sugar, receiving a watery solution of vitamin C and invert sugar. All animals had access to chow and water ad libitum and were treated for 17 weeks. Prediabetes was assessed according to two criteria: obesity (based on body mass indexand peritoneal fat content) and impaired glucose tolerance (assessed by the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and expressed as area under the curve) . Results: Group invert sugar control gained significantly more weight (p=0.035) and visceral fat (p<0.001) than groups vitamin C control and vitamin C plus invert sugar. Consequently, groups vitamin C control and vitamin C plus invert sugar had gained as little body mass index as group C by the end of the experiment. Vitamin C decreased the fasting glycemia of both groups supplemented with vitamin C and normalized the glucose tolerance of group vitamin C plus invert sugar, whose area under the curve matched that of group C. Conclusion: Vitamin C has anti-obesogenic and glycemia-lowering effects in Wistar rats, which might be promising to prediabetics. Future studies are needed to understand the anti-obesogenic and anti-hyperglycemic mechanisms of vitamin C in prediabetes.

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Cafeteria diet induces obesity and insulin resistance associated with oxidative stress but not with inflammation: improvement by dietary supplementation with a melon superoxide dismutase

Cited by 56 publications

References 74 publications

Dietary Supplementation with a Superoxide Dismutase-Melon Concentrate Reduces Stress, Physical and Mental Fatigue in Healthy People: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Dietary Supplementation with a Superoxide Dismutase-Melon Concentrate Reduces Stress, Physical and Mental Fatigue in Healthy People: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Decaffeinated green tea extract rich in epigallocatechin-3-gallate prevents fatty liver disease by increased activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes in diet-induced obesity mice

Vitamin C decreases the obesogenic and hyperglycemic effect of invert sugar in prediabetic rats

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