Cafeteria diet-fed mice is a pertinent model of obesity-induced organ damage: a potential role of inflammation

Abstract

Functional and structural damage in CAF were higher than HF of similar macronutrient composition. This study provides a novel dietary model in mice that mimics multi-organ physiologic alterations in humans secondary to obesity.

Impact of Cafeteria Diet on the Composition of Fatty Acids in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Fillets

“…Brunetti et al 28 and Zeeni et al 2 used the CAF diet as a model of induced obesity in mice and found MUFA values of 77.27 and 55%, respectively, similar to our results.…”

“…The CAF diet presented higher total lipid (32.36 ± 4.77%) and energy (539.34 ± 23.99%) values than the ST diet, due to the addition of peanut, chocolate and biscuit in its preparation, foodstuffs with high fat/energy. 22,23 It was observed that the CAF diet presented a higher proportion of fat in its composition when compared to the ST diet; this was also observed in studies conducted by Zeeni et al, 2 Suárez-García et al 24 and Cardoso et al 25 In our study, peanut, chocolate and biscuit were used to increase the caloric density of the CAF diet; other studies used bacon, 10 sweet roll 24 and peanut butter. 2 Although the basis of all CAF diets is high fat and calories, their composition is very different, not having a standard regarding the amount and composition of the food.…”

“…These associations have also been demonstrated in animal studies. 2,10,24,25 One of the key factors driving the worldwide rise in obesity is related to changes in eating habits, including increased energy-dense foods. In this context, the CAF diet model induces obesity in animals using high-caloric foods in order to reflect the eating habits of Western societies that have relevance in increasing obesity in humans.…”

“…2,3 This is particularly alarming given the association of the obesity and several pathological conditions, 4 such as type 2 diabetes, 5 atherosclerosis, 4 hypertension, 6 cardiovascular disease, 7 hyperlipidemia and certain types of cancer, 2,5 which make obesity a major risk factor for global mortality. 8 Obesity is caused by genetic and environmental factors that result in an imbalance between the energy consumed and spent.…”

“…The CAF diet is a very relevant model of obesity induction because it covers a variety of highly palatable and energy-dense foods that are accessible in Western societies and which are directly related to obesity in humans. 2 In experimental animal studies, several models of dietinduced obesity have been used to study the etiology of obesity, aiming to gain better understanding of molecular mechanisms and possible treatments. In this context, zebrafish (Danio rerio) emerged as a model for studies of obesity due to its physiology similar to humans, especially its unique advantages in biology, genomics and genetics.…”