Caesarean delivery and risk of childhood asthma
development: meta-analysis

Wypych-Ślusarska, Agata; Niewiadomska, Ewa; Oleksiuk, Klaudia; Krupa‐Kotara, Karolina; Głogowska-Ligus, Joanna; Słowiński, Jerzy

doi:10.5114/ada.2020.96703

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…However, such findings remain inconclusive [ 8 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 45 ]. In this aspect, a recent meta-analysis demonstrated a higher probability of asthma in children born by caesarean section, both planned and unplanned, than those born vaginally [ 46 ]. However, this evidence should be taken with caution due to the considerable heterogeneity of the findings of the included studies [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this aspect, a recent meta-analysis demonstrated a higher probability of asthma in children born by caesarean section, both planned and unplanned, than those born vaginally [ 46 ]. However, this evidence should be taken with caution due to the considerable heterogeneity of the findings of the included studies [ 46 ]. In accordance with this meta-analysis, we found that children born by caesarean section exhibited an 89% higher incidence of developing asthma at 2–5 years old than those delivered vaginally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relation of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Factors and Childhood Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Pre-School Children Aged 2–5 Years Old

et al. 2023

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Background and Objectives: Asthma constitutes a constant, prolonged, inflammation-related pulmonary disorder in childhood with serious public health concerns. Several maternal risk factors can enhance the prevalence of its development in this stage of life; however, the currently available data remain contradictory and/or inconsistent. We aim to evaluate the potential impacts of mothers’ sociodemographic, anthropometric and prenatal and perinatal factors on the prevalence of developing asthma in pre-school children. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional survey, which includes 5133 women and their matched pre-school children. Childhood asthma was diagnosed using validated questionnaires. Statistical analysis was accomplished to evaluate whether maternal sociodemographic, anthropometric and prenatal and perinatal factors can increase the probability of childhood asthma in pre-school age. Results: A prevalence of 4.5% of childhood asthma was recorded in pre-school age. Maternal age and pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity, caesarean section, gestational diabetes and hypertension and not breastfeeding were associated with childhood asthma after adjustment for multiple confounding factors. Conclusion: Our research showed that several maternal factors increase the prevalence of childhood asthma in pre-school age. Suitable and effective health policies and strategies should be taken into account to confront the predominant maternal factors that increase its prevalence in pre-school age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Factors and Childhood Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Pre-School Children Aged 2–5 Years Old

et al. 2023

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“…Temat wpływu cięcia cesarskiego na ryzyko rozwoju astmy u dzieci budzi jednak kontrowersje w świecie naukowym i wiele prac zaprzecza istnieniu takiej zależności [5,[18][19][20][21]. Meta-analiza z 2020 roku poddała analizie 12 badań przeprowadzonych w Europie w latach 1967-2012 i wykazała, że nie można jednoznacznie stwierdzić czy poród przez cięcie cesarskie zwiększa ryzyko astmy oskrzelowej u dzieci ze względu na dużą niejednorodność wyników tych badań.…”

Section: Badania Przeczące Zależności Pomiędzy Cesarskim Cięciem a Ro...unclassified

“…Powstało wiele prac próbujących zbadać powyższą zależność. Warto zatem przyjrzeć się im bliżej, ponieważ astma jest jedną z najczęstszych chorób przewlekłych dzieci, a niejasne czynniki predykcyjne są wciąż tematem dyskusji [18]. ASTMA Astma oskrzelowa to choroba, z powodu której coraz więcej dzieci wymaga hospitalizacji i jest częstsza pośród osób poniżej 18 roku życia [6].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Association between caesarean section and childhood asthma development

Lena

Agnieszka

Weronika

et al. 2023

J Educ Health Sport

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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the rates of caesarean section delivery, which is the most common surgical procedure in gynecology and obstetrics, are increasing globally and amount to 21%. In Poland percentage of caesarean sections (CS) is one of the highest in Europe and amount to 42.2%. The reason for this is the extension of medical indications, but also an increase in the number of CS at the request of pregnant women. Although CS can be a lifesaving procedure, it can also cause many health complications for both - the woman and the child. Numerous studies indicate that caesarean delivery is associated with childhood asthma. Several hypotheses of the pathogenesis of this relationship have been presented. One of them, which is based on the hygiene hypothesis indicates that mode of delivery can cause different bacteria colonization in infants. Lack of contact of fetus with the mother’s vaginal flora during CS labor may cause improper immune system maturation. Another hypothesis is that reduced exposure to stress hormones and mechanical forces during CS labor can indicate infant respiratory complications such as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) or transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN). It is suggested that these abnormalities have an impact on asthma development in later life. On the other hand, there are studies which do not confirm that mode of delivery has an influence on the induction of asthma. Due to the significant heterogeneity of studies and unclear risk factors and pathomechanism of the childhood asthma it is impossible to strong confirm the association between caesarean section and asthma developing.

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“…Asthma is a disease whose etiology includes social determinants in addition to genetic and environmental factors [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. They are related to environmental factors and are most often analyzed together.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Inequalities: Do They Matter in Asthma, Bronchitis, and Respiratory Symptoms in Children?

Wypych-Ślusarska

Krupa‐Kotara

Niewiadomska

2022

IJERPH

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Background: Social inequalities (e.g., poverty and low level of education) generate inequalities in health. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the relationships between indicators of social inequalities and the frequency of respiratory symptoms, asthma, and bronchitis in children. Material and Methods: In 2019, an epidemiological cross-sectional study on 3237 students from elementary schools in Silesia Voivodships (South Poland) was conducted. The students’ parents completed a questionnaire based on the International Study on Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). Social inequalities in the children’s families were determined according to parents’ education and professional status (working vs. unemployed), self-assessment of economic status, and housing conditions. To determine the influence of social factors on the occurrence of asthma, bronchitis, and respiratory symptoms, the odds ratio (OR) was calculated. Results: Children living in apartments with traces of mold had a higher risk of developing asthma (OR = 1.5, 95%CI: 1.17–1.96; p = 0.002) or bronchitis (OR = 1.4, 95%CI: 1.13–1.72; p = 0.002), wheezing attacks at nights (OR = 1.4; 95%CI: 1.01–1.93), wheezy in the last 12 months (OR = 1.6; 95%CI:1.24–2.08; p < 0.001), and chronic cough (OR = 1.9; 95%CI: 1.49–2.46; p < 0.001). Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) was associated with higher risk of cough (OR = 1.5 95%CI: 1.22–1.96; p < 0.001) and dyspnea in the last 12 months (OR = 1.4; 95%CI: 1.04–2.00; p = 0.02). Low socioeconomic status (SES) was associated with increased risk of chronic cough (OR = 1.5; 95%CI: 1.09–2.03; p = 0.009) and increased risk of wheezy in the last 12 months (OR = 1.4; 95%CI: 1.06–1.97; p = 0.008). Asthma and bronchitis were not dependent on parents’ education or professional status. Conclusions: Social inequalities have significant impacts on the occurrence of respiratory symptoms, bronchitis, and asthma in children. Interventions aimed at preventing bronchitis and childhood asthma should also focus on social health determinants.

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Caesarean delivery and risk of childhood asthma development: meta-analysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Relation of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Factors and Childhood Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Pre-School Children Aged 2–5 Years Old

Relation of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Factors and Childhood Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Pre-School Children Aged 2–5 Years Old

Association between caesarean section and childhood asthma development

Social Inequalities: Do They Matter in Asthma, Bronchitis, and Respiratory Symptoms in Children?

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