Caerin1.1 Suppresses the Growth of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus In Vitro via Direct Binding to the Virus

Abstract

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) has re-emerged in recent years and has already caused huge economic losses to the porcine industry all over the world. Therefore, it is urgent for us to find out efficient ways to prevent and control this disease. In this study, the antiviral activity of a cationic amphibian antimicrobial peptide Caerin1.1 against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) was evaluated by an in vitro system using Vero cells. We found that even at a very low concentration, Caerin1.1 has the ability to destroy the integrity of the virus particles to block the release of the viruses, resulting in a considerable decrease in PEDV infections. In addition, Caerin1.1 showed powerful antiviral activity without interfering with the binding progress between PEDV and the receptor of the cells, therefore, it could be used as a potential antiviral drug or as a microbicide compound for prevention and control of PEDV.

Antiviral activity of Piscidin 1 against pseudorabies virus both in vitro and in vivo

“…The five antimicrobial peptides used in this study have been reported to inhibit the growth of various kinds of viruses including HIV, HSV-1, HSV-2, etc. [12–15, 20–22]. However there has been limited information about the inhibitory activity of these peptides against the swine-origin viruses.…”

“…In one of our recently published papers, we described the antiviral activity of caerin against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in vitro [20]. In this study, we investigated the activity of five AMPs including piscidin, caerin, maculatin, lactoferricin B, and indolicidin against several porcine-origin viruses.…”

The construction of recombinant Lactobacillus casei vaccine of PEDV and its immune responses in mice

“…Brucella abortus was grown in Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) or Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA) medium (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, MI, USA) at 37 °C. The Vero cells infected with PEDV strains were cultured in DMEM (Gibco, Langley, VA, USA) supplemented with 10 μg/mL trypsin (Gibco, Langley, VA, USA) [ 20 ]. The pVE5523 and pET28a (+) plasmids were expression vectors of Lactobacillus casei and Escherichia coli , respectively.…”

A Review on the Use of Antimicrobial Peptides to Combat Porcine Viruses

“…Guo et al revealed that caerin 1.1 shows low cytotoxicity and exhibits excellent anti-PEDV activity in a dose-dependent manner even at low concentrations (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 µg/mL). The study indicated that caerin 1.1 suppresses the growth of PEDV in vitro via direct binding to the viruses, destroys the structure of viral particles, and decreases the titers of viruses almost up to 3 logs [ 60 ]. In addition, caerin 1.1 also blocks the release of PEDV particles during virus replication to control the infection process, thus reducing the transmission of virus between neighboring cells [ 60 ].…”

“…The study indicated that caerin 1.1 suppresses the growth of PEDV in vitro via direct binding to the viruses, destroys the structure of viral particles, and decreases the titers of viruses almost up to 3 logs [ 60 ]. In addition, caerin 1.1 also blocks the release of PEDV particles during virus replication to control the infection process, thus reducing the transmission of virus between neighboring cells [ 60 ]. Hu et al showed that caerin 1.1 has a potent anti-PEDV activity that resulted in the residual infectivity being 0.2% in the TCID50 assay [ 40 ].…”