A Review on the Use of Antimicrobial Peptides to Combat Porcine Viruses

Pen, Guihong; Yang, Na; Teng, Da; Mao, Ruoyu; Hao, Ya; Wang, Jianhua

doi:10.3390/antibiotics9110801

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…As the first line of defense against infection, AMPs exhibit highly effective antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antitumor and antiparasitic effects [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. The antimicrobial mechanisms of AMPs derived from intracellular compatibility, high sensitivity to early warning and early resistance [ 13 ]. As an innate defensing basis of anti-infection, AMPs have attracted attention due to their unique merits such as sensitive bactericidal via multiple targets, slow resistance developing in pathogens, residue-free in tissues, regulation of gut microbiota and immunoregulation, and leading growth-promoting in animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Pharmacodynamics of Recombinant Fungus Defensin NZL with Improved Activity against Staphylococcus hyicus In Vitro and In Vivo

Liu

Yang

Teng

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Staphylococcus hyicus is recognized as a leading pathogen of exudative epidermitis in modern swine industry. Antimicrobial peptides are attractive candidates for development as potential therapeutics to combat the serious threats of the resistance of S. hyicus. In this study, a series of derivatives were designed based on the NZ2114 template with the aim of obtaining peptides with more potent antimicrobial activity through changing net positive charge or hydrophobicity. Among them, a variant designated as NZL was highly expressed in Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) with total secreted protein of 1505 mg/L in a 5-L fermenter and exhibited enhanced antimicrobial activity relative to parent peptide NZ2114. Additionally, NZL could kill over 99% of S. hyicus NCTC10350 in vitro within 8 h and in Hacat cells. The results of membrane permeabilization assay, morphological observations, peptide localization assay showed that NZL had potent activity against S. hyicus, which maybe kill S. hyicus through action on the cell wall. NZL also showed an effective therapy in a mouse peritonitis model caused by S. hyicus, superior to NZ2114 or ceftriaxone. Overall, these findings can contribute to explore a novel potential candidate against S. hyicus infections.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Pharmacodynamics of Recombinant Fungus Defensin NZL with Improved Activity against Staphylococcus hyicus In Vitro and In Vivo

Liu

Yang

Teng

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Gray short-tailed opossum cathelicidins not only lyse Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, but also inhibit the replication of West Nile virus (WNV) [ 81 ]. The cationic antimicrobial peptide caerin 1.1 from amphibians is considered as a promising drug in animal husbandry due to its lytic activity against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) [ 71 ], causing significant loss of livestock [ 82 ]. AMPs with a wide range of biological activities, including neurotoxic, anticoagulant, antidiabetic and antifreeze, have been isolated from the tissues of many marine invertebrates [ 83 ] [ 84 , 85 ].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory and Allergenic Properties of Antimicrobial Peptides

Guryanova

Ovchinnikova

2022

IJMS

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With the growing problem of the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the search for alternative ways to combat bacterial infections is extremely urgent. While analyzing the effect of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) on immunocompetent cells, their effect on all parts of the immune system, and on humoral and cellular immunity, is revealed. AMPs have direct effects on neutrophils, monocytes, dendritic cells, T-lymphocytes, and mast cells, participating in innate immunity. They act on B-lymphocytes indirectly, enhancing the induction of antigen-specific immunity, which ultimately leads to the activation of adaptive immunity. The adjuvant activity of AMPs in relation to bacterial and viral antigens was the reason for their inclusion in vaccines and made it possible to formulate the concept of a “defensin vaccine” as an innovative basis for constructing vaccines. The immunomodulatory function of AMPs involves their influence on cells in the nearest microenvironment, recruitment and activation of other cells, supporting the response to pathogenic microorganisms and completing the inflammatory process, thus exhibiting a systemic effect. For the successful use of AMPs in medical practice, it is necessary to study their immunomodulatory activity in detail, taking into account their pleiotropy. The degree of maturity of the immune system and microenvironment can contribute to the prevention of complications and increase the effectiveness of therapy, since AMPs can suppress inflammation in some circumstances, but aggravate the response and damage of organism in others. It should also be taken into account that the real functions of one or another AMP depend on the types of total regulatory effects on the target cell, and not only on properties of an individual peptide. A wide spectrum of biological activity, including direct effects on pathogens, inactivation of bacterial toxins and influence on immunocompetent cells, has attracted the attention of researchers, however, the cytostatic activity of AMPs against normal cells, as well as their allergenic properties and low stability to host proteases, are serious limitations for the medical use of AMPs. In this connection, the tasks of searching for compounds that selectively affect the target and development of an appropriate method of application become critically important. The scope of this review is to summarize the current concepts and newest advances in research of the immunomodulatory activity of natural and synthetic AMPs, and to examine the prospects and limitations of their medical use.

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“…Due to the presence of sulfate in the glycosaminoglycan section, these compounds have a high negative charge; therefore, they interact with small cations, enzymes, growth factors, and a number of pathogens such as viruses 14 . Sulfate heparin is very effective in binding viral particles and is involved in many viral infections; therefore, by inhibiting the virus binding to these compounds, the rate of viral infections, especially AIDS virus, can be reduced 15 . One hypothesis for the performance of antiviral peptides is that these compounds interact with heparin sulfate due to their positive charge and are effective in treating infections by preventing the binding of viral particles.…”

Section: Antiviral Mechanisms Of Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Peptides as Potent Compounds for Reduction of Covid-19 Infection

Zare‐Zardini

Ferdosian

Soltaninejad

et al. 2021

Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut

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COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a new identified coronavirus in china, There are no efficient treatments for COVID-19. Therefore, it is essential to investigate new therapies for this problem. Due to specific mechanism for inhibition of microbial growth, antimicrobial peptides can be considered as one of the best therapies in this field. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are important agents that are made by the immune system in response to pathogens. This kind of immune response exists in all animal categories from prokaryotes to humans. Different types of AMPs have been identified and isolated from various organisms from bacteria to humans. So far, 190 antiviral peptides with antiviral effects have been extracted and introduced from various animal sources. These natural compounds and their derivatives, e.g. synthetic peptides, can be considered as new therapeutic goals in In this review, we assessed these peptides in different animal categories as well as synthetic peptides and the possibility of using these compounds in the treatment of

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A Review on the Use of Antimicrobial Peptides to Combat Porcine Viruses

Cited by 19 publications

References 127 publications

Design and Pharmacodynamics of Recombinant Fungus Defensin NZL with Improved Activity against Staphylococcus hyicus In Vitro and In Vivo

Design and Pharmacodynamics of Recombinant Fungus Defensin NZL with Improved Activity against Staphylococcus hyicus In Vitro and In Vivo

Immunomodulatory and Allergenic Properties of Antimicrobial Peptides

Antimicrobial Peptides as Potent Compounds for Reduction of Covid-19 Infection

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