Cadres of the Integrated Health Post for Elderly and Their Satisfaction: Herzberg Theory Approach

Abstract

Integrated health post (posbindu) is a place for the elderly to obtain various health services to improve their quality of life. The satisfaction of the health care volunteers (cadres) has an important role in the success of the posbindu. The higher the cadre’s satisfaction, the higher the performance in managing the posbindu. According to Herzberg, two factors that contributed to the work satisfaction, namely motivator factor and hygiene factor. Identifying these factors is important, so that cadres can remain active and satisfy in doing their work in the posbindu. The purpose of this study was to explore the components of cadres’ satisfaction in providing health services in the posbindu based on Herzberg's factors A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted on 12 active and 6 inactive cadres in 16 posbindu, Bandung City, West Java, Indonesia. A purposive sampling was performed to select the posbindu and the cadres. Data collection was carried out by an in-depth interview to explore the work satisfaction factors based on the concept of the Herzberg theory. Triangulation was based on the result of active and inactive cadres interviews, as well as observation of the activities during the posbindu. This study discovered practicing religious teachings and social relations as two new components that can influence satisfaction and dissatisfaction in the workplace.

Validation of the Cadre’s Satisfaction of the <i>Posyandu Lansia</i> Questionnaire

“…(2) Recognition: obtaining an appreciation for the accomplishment of the work as a cadre; (3) The work itself: an activity or a task that gives a positive or negative feeling; (4) Possibility for growth: opportunities to develop themselves and improve knowledge/skills/expertise; (6) Responsibilities: the obligation to carry out the work. 10 Moreover, hygiene factors consisted of eight dimensions and 26 categories. 10 The eight dimensions of hygiene factors were: (1) Policies and administration work from the puskesmas and local government: policies or rules and administrative system given by puskesmas and local government to cadres in providing services in the posyandu lansia; (2) Supervision: supervising and guiding the cadre in providing service in the posyandu lansia; (3) Interpersonal relationships: the communication bond between cadres and the supervisors from puskesmas and the local government; (4) Incentives: wages or salaries given to the cadre; (5) Personal life: the condition of the private life of cadres affecting their work as cadres; (6) Working conditions: an environment is affecting cadres in providing services in the posyandu lansia; (7) Status: cadre position in the community; (8) Social relations: help the community, socialize with the community, and make new friends.…”

“…[12][13][14] Although many items were excluded, the rest of the items were well defined in every dimension. This study revealed that the initial number of dimensions of the motivator and hygiene factors (6 and 8, respectively) that was set based on Herzberg's theory 21 and a study in Bandung city, 10 changed to four dimensions of the motivator factors and nine dimensions of the hygiene factors after employing the principal component analysis and the varimax rotation method with Kaiser normalization.…”

“…Practicing religious teachings was a new dimension of the motivator factors found in this study. 10 The respondents were Moslems and stated that they worked sincerely (ikhlas), believing that becoming a cadre was worship (ibadah), and made this work as a saving for the afterlife (akhirah). 10 Social relations emerged as a new dimension of hygiene factors.…”

“…10 The respondents were Moslems and stated that they worked sincerely (ikhlas), believing that becoming a cadre was worship (ibadah), and made this work as a saving for the afterlife (akhirah). 10 Social relations emerged as a new dimension of hygiene factors. The Shahla Trisa Aufa et al: Validation of the Cadre's Satisfaction of the Posyandu Lansia Questionnaire respondents stated that being cadres, they had more opportunities to meet their community, made new friends, and were very happy if they could help others, so that one day if they needed help, the community could help them.…”

“…The Shahla Trisa Aufa et al: Validation of the Cadre's Satisfaction of the Posyandu Lansia Questionnaire respondents stated that being cadres, they had more opportunities to meet their community, made new friends, and were very happy if they could help others, so that one day if they needed help, the community could help them. 10 Policy generated from evidence needs to be carried out to improve the posyandu lansia. One of the pieces of evidence that should be collected is the measurement of the cadre's work satisfaction.…”