CADMIUM IN DIFFERENT PLANT SPECIES AND ITS AVAILABILITY IN SOILS AS INFLUENCED BY ORGANIC MATTER AND ADDITIONS OF LIME, P, Cd AND Zn

MacLean, Alair

doi:10.4141/cjss76-021

Cited by 131 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…However, some studies reported no interaction between Cd uptake and Zn application (MacLean 1976, Singh and Steinnes 1976, White and Chaney 1980. The effect of Zn fertilization seems to be largely dependent on the Zn status of soils and plants and most significant effects were found when soils were Zn deficient (Oliver et al 1994).…”

Section: Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-cost agricultural measures to reduce heavy metal transfer into the food chain - a review

Puschenreiter¹,

Horak²,

Friesl³

et al. 2005

Plant Soil Environ.

141

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Heavy metal contamination affects large areas of Europe and worldwide. Hot spots of pollution are located close to industrial sites, around large cities and in the vicinity of mining and smelting plants. Agriculture in these areas faces major problems due to heavy metal transfer into crops and subsequently into the food chain. This paper gives an overview on simple but effective countermeasures to reduce the transfer of heavy metals to edible parts of crops. Since crop species and varieties largely differ in their heavy metal uptake, choosing plants with low transfer factors (e.g., legumes, cereals) may reduce metal concentration in edible parts significantly. Cultivating crops with higher heavy metal uptake capacity, e.g., spinach or lettuce should be avoided. The application of soil amendments is another very effective measure to reduce the concentration of heavy metals in crops. Both organic (e.g., farmyard manure) and inorganic amendments (e.g., lime, zeolites, and iron oxides) were found to decrease the metal accumulation. Further effective methods to reduce metal transfer into food chain include crop rotation and cultivation of industrial or bio-energy crops. It is concluded that the methods presented here comprise several tools, which are easy to apply, and are effective to allow safe agriculture on moderately contaminated soils.

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Section: Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-cost agricultural measures to reduce heavy metal transfer into the food chain - a review

Puschenreiter¹,

Horak²,

Friesl³

et al. 2005

Plant Soil Environ.

141

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“…Numerous studies have shown that the use of phosphate fertilisers can control plant accumulation of Cd (Takijima and Katsumi 1973;MacLean 1976;Williams and David 1976;Street et al 1978). However, the present study suggests that MAP applied as a phosphate fertiliser cannot reduce the availability of Cd in calcareous soil and should therefore be used carefully in the study area and in other regions with similar conditions.…”

Section: Chemical Transformation Of CDmentioning

confidence: 77%

Chemical forms of cadmium in a calcareous soil treated with different levels of phosphorus-containing acidifying agents

Shen

Zhang

et al. 2015

Soil Res.

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Abstract. Calcareous soils with high background cadmium (Cd) levels are widely distributed in south-west China and soil acidity is a major environmental problem. However, little effort has been made to study the changes in chemical speciation as affected by soil acidification other than by acidic rain. In the present study, we investigated the impact of mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP) and phosphoric acid on soil pH and chemical transformation of Cd in calcareous soils. Calcareous soils collected from south-west China were treated with three concentrations (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mol kg -1 soil) of MAP and phosphoric acid, and without the addition of acidifying agent, before being incubated at 25 AE 28C near field capacity moisture content for 60 days. The chemical forms of Cd in the soils were determined by the Tessier sequential extraction scheme. The concentration of Cd in the form bound to iron and manganese oxides (Cd FeOx+MnOy ) decreased significantly with increasing levels of the two acidifying agents, but the concentration of exchangeable Cd (Cd Ex ) exhibited a significant increase, indicating that the two acidifying agents can effectively promote the transformation of Cd FeOx+MnOy to Cd Ex . MAP may promote the same amount of Cd FeOx+MnOy to Cd Ex as phosphoric acid at the same rate of addition, but the soil pH clearly differed, implying that an increase in water-soluble P with addition of acidifying agent may be one major factor affecting the chemical transformation of Cd. MAP and phosphoric acid should be used carefully as sources of water-soluble phosphorus for calcareous soils with high background concentrations of Cd.

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“…Working with a soil amended with cadmiun: at varying rates (0 to 100 µg Cd/g dry soil) , John (1972) found that an application of lime (ca(OBh) which increased the pH of the soil from 4.1 to 5.5 resulted in decreased cadmiu m concentrations in radish tops and roots. Other investigators (Williams and David, 1973;MacLean, 1976;Wallace et al, 1977) have observed decreased cadmium uptake by subterranean clover, lettuce, and corn with additions of lime or CaC0 3 to the soil.…”

Section: Potential Vulnerabilities In the Futurementioning

confidence: 93%

Changes in valued ?Capacities? of soils and sediments as indicators of nonlinear and time-delayed environmental effects

Stigliani

1988

Environ Monit Assess

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FOREWORDOne of the objectives of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) Study The Future Environments for Europe: Some Implications of Alternative Development Paths is to characterize nonlinear and time-delayed environmental effects that could be associated with plausible scenarios of Europe's socioeconomic development over the next century. Early warning of such effects is only possible through an understanding of the key mechanisms that serve to regulate the dynamic, broad-scale changes occurring in the environment over time. Indeed, the failure in the past to foresee "sudden" ecological changes, such as forest dieback in central Europe, stems largely from a lack of focus on the key regulators of change.I believe this paper provides a major contribution to our current understanding of how soils and sediments respond to chemical inputs, and why the response is often manifested as a discontinuous ecological change. The strength of this paper is its treatment of the buffering, sorption, and oxygen-donating capacities of soils and sediments, not as separate entities, but rather, as interlinked properties. It thereby synthesizes ideas that usually have been discussed independently, and demonstrates, in fact, that our understanding of ecological change in soils and sediments is limited unless we also comprehend the full range of interactions between these capacities. R.E. MUNN Program Leader Environment Program CHANGES INV ALUED "CAPACITIES" OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS AS INDICATORS OF NONLINEAR AND TIME-DELAYED ENVffiONMENTAL EFFECTS ABSTRACT WILLIAM M. STIGLIANI International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, A-2361 Laxenburg, AustriaThis paper discusses the buffering, oxygen-donating, and sorption capacities of soils and sediments as an inter-connected system for regulating the retention and release of chemical pollutants. In this context, the author discusses the chemical conditions under which sediments may serve as a source or a sink for toxic materials, and conditions under which soils may retain or release them. It is demonstrated that nonlinear, time-delayed ecological transformations in soils and sediments often can be understood in terms of the interlinked system. The author discusses some possible future long-term environmental problems that might beset Europe, and some implications for a monitoring strategy for foreseeing such problems.Because the release of adsorbed toxic chemicals from heavily polluted sediments and soils can occur suddenly owing to changes in oxygen status (i.e., redox potential) or acidity, strategies for preventing the long-term release of such materials should not only consider current conditions of pH and redox potential, but also, how those conditions might change in the future.

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CADMIUM IN DIFFERENT PLANT SPECIES AND ITS AVAILABILITY IN SOILS AS INFLUENCED BY ORGANIC MATTER AND ADDITIONS OF LIME, P, Cd AND Zn

Cited by 131 publications

References 0 publications

Low-cost agricultural measures to reduce heavy metal transfer into the food chain - a review

Low-cost agricultural measures to reduce heavy metal transfer into the food chain - a review

Chemical forms of cadmium in a calcareous soil treated with different levels of phosphorus-containing acidifying agents

Changes in valued ?Capacities? of soils and sediments as indicators of nonlinear and time-delayed environmental effects

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