Cadmium exposure and consequence for the health and productivity of farmed ruminants

Abstract

This paper reviews Cd exposure and consequences for the health and productivity of farmed ruminants. In farmed ruminants, Cd exposure may be associated with a number of different activities, including industrial processing, mining, and agricultural practices, and is also higher in soils in some geographic regions. Cd kidney concentrations increase with age and Cd exposure. Although Cd toxicity in farmed ruminants has been demonstrated experimentally, there are no published reports of naturally occurring Cd toxicity in farmed ruminants. Clinical signs of Cd intoxication are unlikely with a daily dietary Cd intake of less than 5 mg/kg feed, which is 5-10 times higher than the maximum permitted Cd concentration in ruminant feed in the European Union. In farmed ruminants, Cd levels in tissue are largely dependent on the Cd content of diet. However, many factors affect Cd availability, relating to soils, plants and the presence of other trace elements including Ca, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se and Zn. Experimental studies have highlighted the ability of Cd to alter trace element status, and the protective effect of good mineral status, however, there remain gaps in knowledge of the impact of these interactions on the health and productivity of farmed animals.

The Accumulation and Release of Cd and Pb from Edible Mushrooms and Their Biomass

“…The content of metals in mushrooms was found to be highly dependent on their habitat. Many research teams from around the world have studied the content of heavy metals in different species of edible mushrooms, e.g., Falandysz et al [17] conducted research in Poland, Garcia et al in Spain [3,18], Xin-Hua et al and Zhu in China [5,19], Cocchi et al in Italy [4], and Svoboda et al in a former silver mine in the Czech Republic [20]. A summary of the results of metals examinations (including heavy metals) in uncontaminated areas are presented in the review paper by KALAČ [16].…”

Extracellular vesicles from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells repair organ damage caused by cadmium poisoning in a medaka model

“…9F). We also evaluated the bone deformation caused by Cd pathotoxicity, similar to human cases reported as osteomalacia in postmenopausal women upon chronic Cd exposure (Huff et al 2007;Lane et al 2015;Aoshima 2016). We analyzed the whole-mount bone staining with alizarin red S (Sakata-Haga et al 2018).…”

Development of techniques to predict and prevent both the effect of xenobiotics and their migration into pig-derived products

“…Most studies into the influence of heavy metals on the body of animals are limited to studying the accumulation of heavy metals in organs [20] and the physiological status of animals at a slight excess in the content of heavy metals [21], or even at the level of the maximally permissible concentrations in fodder [22]. The impact of excessive doses of heavy metals is often explored at laboratory animals, which do not have any industrial value and provide for the understanding the mechanism of action of toxins on biological objects [23].…”