C-Terminal Fragments of ACTH Stimulate Feeding in Fasted Rats

Al-Barazanji, K. A.; Miller, James; Rice, Simon Q.J.; Arch, Jonathan R. S.; Chambers, James K.

doi:10.1055/s-2001-16941

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…A potential role for ACTH in energy homeostasis is supported by observations that ACTH has a similar potency to ␣-MSH at the MC-4 receptor in vitro (Gantz et al, 1993), ACTH is secreted by the neurons of PVN (Pritchard et al, 2003), and ACTH can inhibit feeding when administered centrally to rats (Al-Barazanji et al, 2001). Single and repeated injections of ACTH antibodies into PVN resulted in persistently increased food intake during the light period.…”

Section: Behaviormentioning

confidence: 63%

Food-intake regulation during stress by the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis

Бажан¹,

Zelena²

2013

Brain Research Bulletin

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a b s t r a c tThe prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide with serious consequences such as diabetes mellitus type 2 and cardiovascular diseases. Emotional stress is considered to be one of the main reasons of obesity development in humans. However, there are some contradictory results, which should be addressed. First of all stress induces anorexia, but not overeating in laboratory animals. Glucocorticoids, the effector molecules of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis stimulate and stress inhibits food intake. It is also not clear if stress is diabetogenic or an antidiabetogenic factor. The review will discusses these issues and the involvement of the whole HPA axis and its separate molecules (glucocorticoids, adrenocorticotropin, corticotropin-releasing hormone) in food intake regulation under stress.

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Section: Behaviormentioning

confidence: 63%

Food-intake regulation during stress by the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis

Бажан¹,

Zelena²

2013

Brain Research Bulletin

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“…It was reported that the intracerebroventricular administration of -MSH inhibited food intake and increased energy expenditure in rodents [8,22,26,35]. In addition, when ACTH was injected into the lateral ventricle or into the ventromedial hypothalamus, food intake was reduced in both fed and fasted rats [1,36]. Its inhibitory effect on food intake was also confirmed in rabbits [2,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Immunohistochemical Changes in Orexigenic and Anorexigenic Neuropeptides in the Rat Hypothalamus after Capsaicin Administration

Lee

Choi

Hwang

et al. 2009

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Capsaicin has effects on the adiposity by increasing energy and lipid metabolism, and decreases appetite and fat intake. In the present study, we investigated changes in food intake and body weight after capsaicin treatment. We also observed changes in orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides-agouti-related peptide (AgRP), -melanocyte-stimulating hormone (-MSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and orexin-immunoreactivities in the rat hypothalamus after capsaicin administration. Only one day after capsaicin treatment, the mean food intake was significantly decreased. There was no significant difference in the mean body weight between vehicle-and capsaicin-treated groups. In addition, after capsaicin treatment, numbers of AgRP-and orexin-immunoreactive ( + ) cells were significantly decreased in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and lateral hypothalamic area, respectively. In contrast, the number of -MSH + and ACTH + cells in the ARC of the capsaicin-treated rats was higher than in the vehicle-treated rats. These results indicate that capsaicin reduces food intake, not body weight, transiently, and decreases AgRP and orexin immunoreactivities, whereas it increases -MSH and ACTH immunoreactivities in rat hypothalamic nuclei. Capsaicin is a major pungent ingredient present in a variety of capsicum fruits, such as red peppers [34]. Since its initial identification in 1919, numerous pharmacological effects of capsaicin have been investigated and reported [20,34,39]. It has been known that capsaicin reduces adiposity by increasing energy and lipid metabolism in rats and decreases appetite and fat intake in humans [15,39]. It was recently reported that the capsaicin receptor, vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (VR1), was found throughout the central nervous system, including the hypothalamic nuclei [19,33].Many researchers have focused on specific neuropeptides, neurotransmitters, receptors and neuronal circuits that both neuroanatomically and neurophysiologically control food intake in the central nervous system [4,31,32]. The hypothalamus is thought to be a major center for controlling feeding behavior in the brain [10]. In many hypothalamic nuclei, the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and the lateral hypothalamic area (LH) are regarded as important centers for regulating food intake and energy homeostasis [4,10]. In the hypothalamus, many neuropeptides, such as neuropeptide Y, orexin, agouti-related peptid and proopiomelanocortin, are known to participate in regulating food intake [10].Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) is expressed only in the ARC of the hypothalamus and that AgRP-containing neurons project to various hypothalamic nuclei, such as the paraventricular nucleus and LH [7]. AgRP is known to be a potent stimulant of food intake and to be involved in the maintenance of feeding behavior [37].On the other hand, it has been reported that AgRP is an endogenous antagonist of melanocortin receptor (subtype 4) (MC4-R), which functions to control food intake and energy homeostasis in the hypothalamus [9,12]. Proopiomelanocort...

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“…12 It is involved in energy balance and is an agonist to 4 out of 5 melanocortin receptors (MCR). 13 It is also anorexigenic in multiple species, including rats, 14 goldfish, 15 and chicks. 16 A lipolytic effect mediated through MC5R was reported in mouse 3T3-L1 cells, 17 but is yet to be determined in chicken or any other avian species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2). 13,14 a-MSH promoted lipolysis in vitro 17 and in mice reduced their fat mass. 169,170 Signaling via MC5R increased lipolysis and impaired fatty acid re-esterification in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, 17 providing a plausible route of action of a-MSH in adipose tissue.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent advances in the understanding of how neuropeptide Y andα-melanocyte stimulating hormone function in adipose physiology

2016

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Communication between the brain and the adipose tissue has been the focus of many studies in recent years, with the "brain-fat axis" identified as a system that orchestrates the assimilation and usage of energy to maintain body mass and adequate fat stores. It is now well-known that appetiteregulating peptides that were studied as neurotransmitters in the central nervous system can act both on the hypothalamus to regulate feeding behavior and also on the adipose tissue to modulate the storage of energy. Energy balance is thus partly controlled by factors that can alter both energy intake and storage/expenditure. Two such factors involved in these processes are neuropeptide Y (NPY) and a-melanocyte stimulating hormone (a-MSH). NPY, an orexigenic factor, is associated with promoting adipogenesis in both mammals and chickens, while a-MSH, an anorexigenic factor, stimulates lipolysis in rodents. There is also evidence of interaction between the 2 peptides. This review aims to summarize recent advances in the study of NPY and a-MSH regarding their role in adipose tissue physiology, with an emphasis on the cellular and molecular mechanisms. A greater understanding of the brain-fat axis and regulation of adiposity by bioactive peptides may provide insights on strategies to prevent or treat obesity and also enhance nutrient utilization efficiency in agriculturally-important species.

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C-Terminal Fragments of ACTH Stimulate Feeding in Fasted Rats

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Food-intake regulation during stress by the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis

Food-intake regulation during stress by the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis

Immunohistochemical Changes in Orexigenic and Anorexigenic Neuropeptides in the Rat Hypothalamus after Capsaicin Administration

Recent advances in the understanding of how neuropeptide Y andα-melanocyte stimulating hormone function in adipose physiology

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