Food-intake regulation during stress by the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis

Бажан, Н. М.; Zelena, Dóra

doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2013.04.002

Cited by 83 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 137 publications

(208 reference statements)

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“…By contrast, PARCS predicts that urgency, emergency, and unpredictability activate reactive control and the AI and suppress predictive control. For instance acute stress and reactive control inhibit and subsequently increase food intake (Bazhan and Zelena, 2013), while predictive homeostatic control matches hunger feeling to energetic state and circadian rhythm (MooreEde, 1986;Simmons et al, 2013). The association of reactive control with anxiety explains why anxiety is associated with increased undifferentiated awareness of arousal (physiological activation; Pollatos et al, 2007) but less differentiated awareness of specific somatic states (somatic neglect; Koole et al, 2014).…”

Section: Neuroimaging and Psychophysiological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Radically Embodied Neuroscience of Attachment and Relationships?

2014

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Attachment theory (Bowlby, 1969(Bowlby, /1982 posits the existence of internal working models as a foundational feature of human bonds. Radical embodied approaches instead suggest that cognition requires no computation or representation, favoring a cognition situated in a body in an environmental context with affordances for action (Chemero, 2009;Barrett, 2011;Wilson and Golonka, 2013;Casasanto and Lupyan, 2015). We explore whether embodied approaches to social soothing, interpersonal warmth, separation distress, and support seeking could replace representational constructs such as internal working models with a view of relationship cognition anchored in the resources afforded to the individual by their brain, body, and environment in interaction. We review the neurobiological bases for social attachments and relationships and attempt to delineate how these systems overlap or don't with more basic physiological systems in ways that support or contradict a radical embodied explanation. We suggest that many effects might be the result of the fact that relationship cognition depends on and emerges out of the action of neural systems that regulate several clearly physically grounded systems. For example, the neuropeptide oxytocin appears to be central to attachment and pair-bond behavior (Carter and Keverne, 2002) and is implicated in social thermoregulation more broadly, being necessary for maintaining a warm body temperature (for a review, see IJzerman et al., 2015b). Finally, we discuss the most challenging issues around taking a radically embodied perspective on social relationships. We find the most crucial challenge in individual differences in support seeking and responses to social contact, which have long been thought to be a function of representational structures in the mind (e.g., Baldwin, 1995). Together we entertain the thought to explain such individual differences without mediating representations or computations, but in the end propose a hybrid model of radical embodiment and internal representations.

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Section: Neuroimaging and Psychophysiological Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Radically Embodied Neuroscience of Attachment and Relationships?

2014

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“…While the primary effect of glucocorticoids in mammals and amphibians is to increase food intake (Crespi et al 2004, Bazhan & Zelena 2013, the actions of cortisol on appetite in fish are equivocal. Whereas chronic exposure to a low dose of cortisol stimulated food intake in goldfish (Carassius auratus; Bernier et al 2004), sustained exposure to higher doses of cortisol decreased food intake in several fish species (Gregory & Wood 1999, Bernier et al 2004, Peterson & Small 2005, Leal et al 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas chronic exposure to a low dose of cortisol stimulated food intake in goldfish (Carassius auratus; Bernier et al 2004), sustained exposure to higher doses of cortisol decreased food intake in several fish species (Gregory & Wood 1999, Bernier et al 2004, Peterson & Small 2005, Leal et al 2011. In mammals, glucocorticoids promote food intake by stimulating the hypothalamic expression of the orexigenic neuropeptides neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP), and by inhibiting the anorexigenic signal corticotropinreleasing factor (CRF; Bazhan & Zelena 2013). Similarly, the stimulatory effects of cortisol on food intake in goldfish are associated with an increase in hypothalamic NPY mRNA levels and a reduction in preoptic area (POA) CRF gene expression (Bernier et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic cortisol and the regulation of food intake and the endocrine growth axis in rainbow trout

Madison

Tavakoli

Krämer

et al. 2015

Journal of Endocrinology

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To gain a better understanding of the mechanisms by which cortisol suppresses growth during chronic stress in fish, we characterized the effects of chronic cortisol on food intake, mass gain, the expression of appetite-regulating factors, and the activity of the GH/IGF axis. Fish given osmotic pumps that maintained plasma cortisol levels at w70 or 116 ng/ml for 34 days were sampled 14, 28 and 42 days post-implantation. Relative to shams, the cortisol treatments reduced food intake by 40-60% and elicited marked increases in liver leptin (lep-a1) and brain preoptic area (POA) corticotropin-releasing factor (crf) mRNA levels. The cortisol treatments also elicited 40-80% reductions in mass gain associated with increases in pituitary gh, liver gh receptor (ghr), liver igfI and igf binding protein (igfbp)-1 and -2 mRNA levels, reduced plasma GH and no change in plasma IGF1. During recovery, while plasma GH and pituitary gh, liver ghr and igfI gene expression did not differ between treatments, the high cortisol-treated fish had lower plasma IGF1 and elevated liver igfbp1 mRNA levels. Finally, the cortisol-treated fish had higher plasma glucose levels, reduced liver glycogen and lipid reserves, and muscle lipid content. Thus, our findings suggest that the growth-suppressing effects of chronic cortisol in rainbow trout result from reduced food intake mediated at least in part by increases in liver lep-a1 and POA crf mRNA, from sustained increases in hepatic igfbp1 expression that reduce the growth-promoting actions of the GH/IGF axis, and from a mobilization of energy reserves.

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“…More specifically, depression and major depression are reported as risks factors for developing obesity particularly for women [1925] . There is evidence that obesity may be a risk factor for anxiety disorders too [26,27] . Under normal conditions, the brain is activated to confront perceived threats, by altering the HPA axis and by entering into an anabolic state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mood disorders: A potential link between ghrelin and leptin on human body?

Zarouna

Wozniak

2015

WJEM

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Leptin and ghrelin are two hormones associated with multiple physiological functions, especially energy balance. Leptin is an adipocyte-secreted hormone discovered in 1950 and ghrelin which was found in 1999, is a peptide hormone produced and secreted in the stomach. A number of previous studies showed that these hormones could be associated with different types of mood disorders. The results of previous studies, nevertheless, are confounded by diverse sample selection and different methodologies. A search for related articles in the PubMed database was attempted. The search covered studies, reports, reviews and editorials published in the last ten years. Older references served as auxiliary sources for comparison purposes. However, due to the different results of the studies, there is a need for more investigation in order to establish the exact biochemical mechanisms that are responsible for these diseases and ghrelin's and leptin's effects on mood. Core tip: Mood disorders are affecting a major amount of the world population. Considering the multiple factors that are contributing in the development of mood disorders, this review emphasizes on the role of leptin and ghrelin hormones. These two hormones have a key role in energy balance but they also have an effect on other physiological functions too, therefore we emphasize on the recent findings which raise a potential link between the hormones and the disorders of mood.

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Food-intake regulation during stress by the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis

Cited by 83 publications

References 137 publications

Toward a Radically Embodied Neuroscience of Attachment and Relationships?

Toward a Radically Embodied Neuroscience of Attachment and Relationships?

Chronic cortisol and the regulation of food intake and the endocrine growth axis in rainbow trout

Mood disorders: A potential link between ghrelin and leptin on human body?

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