[C₅H₁₂N]SnCl₃: A Tin Halide Organic–Inorganic Hybrid as an Above‐Room‐Temperature Solid‐State Nonlinear Optical Switch

Abstract

Nonlinear optical (NLO) switches driven by a solid‐state structural phase transition have attracted extensive attention; however, above‐room‐temperature solid‐state NLO switch materials are still sparse. Herein, we report an above‐room‐temperature tin halide organic–inorganic hybrid quadratic NLO switchable material, N‐methylpyrrolidinium trichloride stannite ([C5H12N]SnCl3, MPSC). The MPSC crystal exhibits a phase‐matchable NLO property that is 1.1 times that of KH2PO4 (KDP) and NLO switching behavior, changing from a high second harmonic generation (SHG) response to a low SHG response at 383 K, thereby demonstrating its prospective applications in the field of nonlinear optics. Variable‐temperature crystal structural analysis combined with theoretical calculations revealed that the large NLO response stems from the inorganic SnCl3 moiety, whereas the high‐performance NLO switching properties mainly originate from the order/disorder transformation of the N‐methylpyrrolidinium. This work provides a new approach to designing and exploring new high‐performance quadratic NLO switches involving tin halide organic–inorganic hybrids.

Exploring a Fatigue‐Free Layered Hybrid Perovskite Ferroelectric for Photovoltaic Non‐Volatile Memories

“…According to the first‐principles calculation, the density of states analysis indicates that the band gap and semiconducting properties of BCPB are mainly governed by the inorganic framework (Supporting Information, Figure S6a). The estimated optical band gap (2.62 eV; Supporting Information, Figure S7; based on Tauc equation [16] ) corresponds well with the theoretical calculating value (2.70 eV; Supporting Information, Figure S6b). Such value is narrower than those of the most known inorganic ferroelectrics, such as Pb(Zr, Ti)O 3 (ca.…”

Hybrid Metal‐Halide Infrared Nonlinear Optical Crystals of (TMEDA)MI5 (M = Sb, Bi) with High Stability

“…[29] The particle-size-dependent SHG intensity of the two compounds is plotted (Figure 4b). The two compounds have higher SHG coefficients than the majority of OIMHs, such as (MPEA) 1.5 PbBr 3.5 (DMSO) 0.5 (0.05 × AGS), [30] (C 5 H 12 N)SnCl 3 (0.03 × AGS), [31] and [(C 6 H 5 CH 2 NH 3 ) 2 ]PbCl 4 (0.10 × AGS). [32] The high SHG coefficients and the ease of growing large single crystals of (TMEDA)SbI 5 and (TMEDA)BiI 5 implied their potential for NLO applications.…”

A one-dimensional perovskite with ferroelectric and switchable nonlinear optical properties: [azetidinium]CdCl3

“…Indeed, the literature search shows that the most common is the variant in which the phase below T c is SHG-active and that above T c is SHG-inactive, that is, the SHGon-SHG-off switching scheme is the most widespread across solid-state NLO switches. [30][31][32][33][34][35]…”