C-Reactive Protein Gene Polymorphisms, C-Reactive Protein Blood Levels, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Abstract

C-reactive protein (CRP), a blood marker of inflammation and a hallmark of the acute-phase response, has been shown to be a powerful and specific predictor of cardiovascular event risk in populations of otherwise healthy persons. Here we review what is known about CRP gene polymorphisms, discuss how these might affect the epidemiology of CRP and our understanding of CRP's contribution to cardiovascular disease, and examine their potential clinical usefulness. Evidence shows that certain subtle variations in the CRP gene sequence, mostly single nucleotide polymorphisms, predictably and strongly influence the blood level of CRP. Some of these variations are associated with clinical correlates of cardiovascular disease. If future studies can establish with certainty that CRP influences cardiovascular biology, then CRP gene profiling could have clinical utility.

Combined effect of C-reactive protein gene SNP +2147 A/G and interleukin-6 receptor gene SNP rs2229238 C/T on anthropometric characteristics among school children in Taiwan

“…[25][26][27] The results might relate to differences in the study design and in the age, sex and/or ethnicity of the subjects. 11 In relation to the IL-6R gene polymorphism, we found that girls who carried variant alleles had larger WC and WHtR when compared with the wild-type genotype, and boys who were variant allele carriers had a greater risk of abnormal HC. The results were similar to other studies which found that the IL-6R gene polymorphism is associated with anthropometric characteristics.…”

“…[6][7][8][9][10] CRP expression is regulated mainly at the transcriptional level, and in the liver it is mainly induced by IL-6. 11,12 The inflammatory properties of IL-6 stimulate acute-phase protein production in the liver, leading to a rise in plasma CRP levels. [13][14][15][16] In an earlier analysis, interaction between the CRP gene and the IL-6 gene was reported to affect the CRP concentration.…”

Angiotensin-II receptor antagonist combined with calcium channel blocker or diuretic for essential hypertension

“…Among the numerous circulating markers studied thus far, HSCRP seems to have the most consistent relation with the risk of cardiovascular diseases in a variety of clinical settings including hypertension. [24][25][26] In addition to the classical risk factors for arteriosclerosis, such as hypertension and dyslipidemia, oxidative stress has been attracting considerable attention as one of the novel risk factors for cardiovascular injury. Oxidative stress depletes nitric oxide and causes endothelial dysfunction that initiates arteriosclerosis.…”

Acute phase reactants and lipid profile in acute chest pain presentations: a multimarker approach

“…12 It is a phylogenetically highly conserved plasma protein that participates in the systemic response to inflammation. 13 Iron, a dietary constituent, is a prooxidant and a high concentration of blood ferritin, which measures stored iron, is a potential risk factor for CAD. Free iron which acts as a catalyst for the production of free radicals has been implicated in lipid peroxidation and atherosclerosis leading to MI.…”