C-phycocyanin suppresses transforming growth factor-β1-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition in human epithelial cells

Pattarayan, Dhamotharan; Rajarajan, Dheeran; Sivanantham, Ayyanar; Palanichamy, Rajaguru; Rajasekaran, Subbiah

doi:10.1016/j.pharep.2016.12.013

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Recently, some researches had found that C-phycocyanin could inhibit epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) by down-regulating the expression of vimentin, type 1 collagen and fibronectin, and up-regulating the expression of E-cadherin in TGF-β1-treated cells [ 26 ]. Thus, we wanted to determine the effects of C-phycocyanin on the migration of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

C-Phycocyanin exerts anti-cancer effects via the MAPK signaling pathway in MDA-MB-231 cells

et al. 2018

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BackgroundTriple-negative breast cancer is a biological subtype of breast cancer, which is unresponsive to conventional chemotherapies and has a poor prognosis. C-Phycocyanin (C-PC), a marine natural purified from Spirulina platensis, has been investigated that has anti-cancer function. The mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway plays a crucial role in the development and progression of cancer. Therefore, we would like to study the anti-cancer effects of C-phycocyanin in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer, and explore the role of MAPK pathway in the anti-tumor effects of C-phycocyanin.MethodsCell proliferation, cell cycle, cell apoptosis and cell migration were explored in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell lines. AKT, MAPK and membrane death receptor signaling were evaluated in MDA-MB-231 cell lines.ResultsOur study indicated that C-phycocyanin inhibited cell proliferation and reduced colony formation ability of MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, C-phycocyanin induced cell cycle G0/G1 arrest by decreasing protein expression levels of Cyclin D1 and CDK-2 and increasing protein expression levels of p21 and p27. In addition, C-phycocyanin induced cell apoptotic by activating cell membrane surface death receptor pathway. Besides, C-phycocyanin down-regulated the protein expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2, and further inhibited MDA-MB-231 cells migration. We also found cell death induced by C-phycocyanin was carried through the MAPK signaling pathways. C-Phycocyanin was able to induce MDA-MB-231 cell apoptosis by activating p38 MAPK and JNK signaling pathways while inhibiting ERK pathway.ConclusionsC-Phycocyanin exerted anti-cancer activity via the MAPK signaling pathway in MDA-MB-231 cells.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

C-Phycocyanin exerts anti-cancer effects via the MAPK signaling pathway in MDA-MB-231 cells

et al. 2018

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“…C-phycocyanin inhibited EMT by reducing the expression of vimentin, type 1 collagen and fibronectin, and increasing the expression of E-cadherinin in TGF-β1-treated cells. Thus, C-phycocyanin inhibited TGF-β1-induced EMT, so C-phycocyanin might be a potential anti-fibrosis drug 74 .…”

Section: Phycocyanin and Cancermentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Phycocyanin can promote animal blood cell regeneration, improve lymphocyte activity and lymphatic system to improve immune function, and comprehensively enhance the disease resistance of the body 73 . In addition, C-phycocyanin could inhibit TGF-β1-induced EMT and C-PC might be a potential anti-fibrosis drug 74 .…”

Section: Phycocyanin: General Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phycocyanin: A Potential Drug for Cancer Treatment

et al. 2017

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Phycocyanin isolated from marine organisms has the characteristics of high efficiency and low toxicity, and it can be used as a functional food. It has been reported that phycocyanin has anti-oxidative function, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-cancer function, immune enhancement function, liver and kidney protection pharmacological effects. Thus, phycocyanin has an important development and utilization as a potential drug, and phycocyanin has become a new hot spot in the field of drug research. So far, there are more and more studies have shown that phycocyanin has the anti-cancer effect, which can block the proliferation of cancer cells and kill cancer cells. Phycocyanin exerts anti-cancer activity by blocking tumor cell cell cycle, inducing tumor cell apoptosis and autophagy, thereby phycocyanin can serve as a promising anti-cancer agent. This review discusses the therapeutic use of phycocyanin and focuses on the latest advances of phycocyanin as a promising anti-cancer drug.

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“…Thus, this active compound of Spirulina extract can inhibit EMT and decrease cancer cells mobility and invasion. (Jiang et al, ; Pattarayan, Rajarajan, Ayyanar, Palanichamy, & Subbiah, ) Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) plays critical role in cancer cells metastasis. The expression of COX‐2 was positively correlated with tumor invasion, metastasis, and poor prognosis in different cancers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spirulina extract enriched for Braun‐type lipoprotein (Immulina®) for inhibition of 4T1 breast tumors' growth and metastasis

Kefayat

Ghahremani

Safavi

et al. 2019

Phytotherapy Research

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Spirulina platensis extracts have exhibited considerable anti-cancer effects. To investigate the efficacy of the Spirulina extract enriched for Braun-type lipoprotein (Immulina®) for breast cancer treatment, 4T1 breast tumor-bearing mice were treated with 40 mg/kg Immulina® daily and the tumors' growth and metastasis were assessed. Also, CD4, CD8, and CD56 staining were performed to investigate the Immulina® effect on the immune cells' recruitment to the tumors by immunohistochemistry. Immulina® could significantly (P < 0.001) inhibit 4T1 breast tumors' growth. Immulina®-treated group exhibited a 63% decrease in the tumors' volume in comparison with control (P < 0.001). Also, Immulina® could significantly (P < 0.001) decrease metastatic burden at the vital organs as 68% and 61% decrease in the liver and lungs metastatic colonies were observed, respectively. Also, Immulina® could increase mean survival time of the tumor-bearing mice for 29 days.The Spirulina-treated mice tumors contained significantly more infiltrated NK, CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocytes in comparison with control. Taking together, Immulina® can be a safe anti-cancer supplement with the ability to cause direct apoptosis to the cancer cells and activate the immune system against tumor. This supplement with natural origin seems to have bright future to help breast cancer patients.

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C-phycocyanin suppresses transforming growth factor-β1-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition in human epithelial cells

Abstract: The overall data suggested that C-PC suppresses TGF- β1-induced EMT and warrants further in vivo studies for future evaluation of C-PC as a potential antifibrotic agent.

Cited by 33 publications

References 21 publications

C-Phycocyanin exerts anti-cancer effects via the MAPK signaling pathway in MDA-MB-231 cells

C-Phycocyanin exerts anti-cancer effects via the MAPK signaling pathway in MDA-MB-231 cells

Phycocyanin: A Potential Drug for Cancer Treatment

Spirulina extract enriched for Braun‐type lipoprotein (Immulina®) for inhibition of 4T1 breast tumors' growth and metastasis

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