Bystander czy (pasywny) świadek? Kilka uwag nad konsekwencjami wyboru terminologii w badaniach nad Zagładą lub Holocaustem

Karwowska, Bożena

doi:10.18290/rh.2016.64.1-6

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Some scholars argue that by remaining passive, bystanders could be considered facilitators of the Nazi perpetrators (Gross, 2014). Karwowska (2016) proposes a change to the use of the word bystander as describing onlookers to the Holocaust to a somewhat more appropriate notion, close to the role of witness ‐ a person involved in the genocide itself. At the same time, the concept of the witness is also increasingly criticized as being inadequate and not fairly describing the actual position of Poles and other Eastern Europeans towards The Shoah.…”

Section: On the Moral Ambiguity Of Bystander Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Moral exemplars and moral disillusionment. How the perception of Poles' behavior during the Holocaust shapes current Polish‐Israeli conflicted relations?

Babińska

Bilewicz

2023

Conflict Resolution Qtrly

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The moral exemplars model of reconciliation (Cehajic‐Clancy & Bilewicz, 2021) proposes that through focusing on the moral behavior during the genocide, the descendants of perpetrators, bystanders, and victims could become more willing to reconcile and engage in intergroup contact. In the present article we aim to test the boundary effects of such approach by analyzing the usage of moral exemplars argument in the Polish‐Israeli conflict over the history of the Holocaust. In two studies, we tested whether Poles' and Israeli's estimations of moral behavior and emotions (vs. immoral ones) during the Holocaust are related to their attitudes towards contemporary counterparts. The studies confirmed that higher estimations of moral behavior during the Holocaust were related to more positive attitudes of Israelis towards Poles but not of Poles towards Israelis. On the contrary, higher estimations of such moral behavior among Poles were positively related to secondary antisemitism and harsh criticism of the current role of Israel in the Middle Eastern conflict. The results of our studies suggest that the moral exemplars‐based model of reconciliation should be carefully applied to the contexts in which historical perpetrators and bystanders aim at whitewashing their histories.

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Section: On the Moral Ambiguity Of Bystander Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%