By Fractional Frequency Reuse mitigate interference in heterogeneous femto and macro cell networks

Traditional Macro-tower to Heterogeneous Cellular Networks: A Survey

“…The proposed method acquires the information on channel allocation and allows accessing of resource blocks to macrocells or femtocells users on demand basis. Chiranjibi Samal et al,in [39], have proposed a scheme based on FFR such that femtocells are permissible to selects those sub-bands which are not in utilize at macrocell, to mitigate interference in the LTE femtocell systems. In [40], authors present small-cells activation and sleeping mechanism, where cell-range expansion approach is used to covers the sleep cells that are far-off from macrocell and thereby macro BS serve users of sleeping cells in the vicinity.…”