Butyrolactone derivatives as electrolyte additives for lithium-ion batteries with graphite anodes

Nonaqueous Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Rechargeable Batteries

“…It must be noted, though, that the above conclusion was based on a voltammetry experiment conducted with a relatively high scanning rate (15 mV s -1 ). The performance test of the electrolyte LiPF 6 /PC/DEC with 2% CC in a full lithium ion cell was shown to deliver a slightly fading capacity when cycling between 2.75 and 4.10 V. The continued efforts in this area in recent years generated a series of reactive compounds as potential candidates, which include halogenated species such as bromo-γ-γBL, 410 other γBL derivatives, 411 compounds containing vinyl groups, 412,413 and compounds that belong to the succinimide family 377 (Tables 9 and 10). Most of these additives were reported to be effective in reducing the irreversible capacities in the first charge process, while some also successfully eliminated the cointercalation of PC and avoided the exfoliation of graphitic anodes.…”

Triethyl orthoformate as a new film-forming electrolytes solvent for lithium-ion batteries with graphite anodes

“…1(a)) is a long plateau at about 0.86-0.91 V, which indicates that the co-intercalation of PC and the solvated Li + ions into graphite is taking place [1,3,11,14]. The electrode potential cannot reach the potential for intercalation of unsolvated Li + ions.…”

Effect of sulfolane on the morphology and chemical composition of the solid electrolyte interphase layer in lithium bis(oxalato)borate‐based electrolyte

“…On the basis of the molecular orbital theory, the ability to gain and lose electrons is judged by the energy level of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) . The total energies ( E T ), the frontier molecular orbital energies ( E / HOMO and E / LUMO ), and the energy gaps between the HOMO and the LUMO of EC, EMC, and SL molecules are calculated and listed in Table , respectively.…”