Business Impacts of the Northridge Earthquake

Tierney, Kathleen J.

doi:10.1111/1468-5973.00040

Cited by 219 publications

(187 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

174

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Direct losses, the costs of replacing and reconstructing damaged buildings and infrastructure, account for only a fraction of total cost of a disaster, particularly in the case of large-scale events (Tierney 1997;Pielke and Pielke 1997;Lindell and Prater 2003;Hallegatte et al 2007). After an event, the total economic costs can be amplified through: (1) spatial or sectoral diffusion of direct costs into the wider economic system over the short-term (e.g.…”

Section: Evaluating the Total Economic Impacts Of Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of the potential impact of climate change on flood risk in Mumbai

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Managing risks from extreme events will be a crucial component of climate change adaptation. In this study, we demonstrate an approach to assess future risks and quantify the benefits of adaptation options at a city-scale, with application to flood risk in Mumbai. In 2005, Mumbai experienced unprecedented flooding, causing direct economic damages estimated at almost two billion USD and 500 fatalities. scenario could see the likelihood of a 2005-like event more than double. We estimate that total losses (direct plus indirect) associated with a 1-in-100 year event could triple compared with current situation (to $690-$1,890 million USD), due to climate change alone. Continued rapid urbanisation could further increase the risk level. The analysis also demonstrates that adaptation could significantly reduce future losses; for example, estimates suggest that by improving the drainage system in Mumbai, losses associated with a 1-in-100 year flood event today could be reduced by as much as 70%. We show that assessing the indirect costs of extreme events is an important component of an adaptation assessment, both in ensuring the analysis captures the full economic benefits of adaptation and also identifying options that can help to manage indirect risks of disasters. For example, we show that by extending insurance to 100% penetration, the indirect effects of flooding could be almost halved. We conclude that, while this study explores only the upper-bound climate scenario, the risk-assessment core demonstrated in this study could form an important quantitative tool in developing city-scale adaptation strategies. We provide a discussion of sources of uncertainty and risk-based tools could be linked with decision-making approaches to inform adaptation plans that are robust to climate change.

show abstract

Section: Evaluating the Total Economic Impacts Of Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of the potential impact of climate change on flood risk in Mumbai

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Unfortunately, disaster researchers have largely neglected the study of disasters at the organizational level (Tierney 1997;Webb et al 2000). The exceptions include the excellent pioneering work of some notable researchers (e.g., Dahlhamer and D'Souza 1997;Drabek 1991;1994a;1994b;Nigg and Tierney 1994;Quarantelli et al 1979;Webb et al 2000).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When environmental hazards come in contact with organizations, they can pose a tremendous threat to the survival of organizations (Alesch et al 2001) by causing, for example, employee death, destruction of properties, and disruption of services. The substantial damage to businesses in Los Angeles caused by the Northridge earthquake in 1994 (Tierney 1997) and the over 18,000 businesses destroyed by Hurricane Katrina in 2005 (Stephens 2007) are vivid reminders of the potential destructive nature of environmental hazards. The good news is that organizations can reduce the impact of environmental hazards by adopting hazard adjustments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adoption of Hazard Adjustments by Large and Small Organizations: Who is Doing the Talking and Who is Doing the Walking?

Sadiq

2011

Risk Hazard & Crisis Pub Pol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Environmental hazards pose a considerable and genuine threat to the survival of organizations. However, organizations can increase their likelihood of survival by adopting various hazard adjustments. Prior studies on hazard adjustments have found a positive relationship between the adoption of hazard adjustments and organization size. However, no study on hazard adjustments has grouped hazard adjustments into active and passive and studied the relationship between active and passive hazard adjustments and organization size. The author investigates whether large organizations adopt more active and passive hazard adjustments than small organizations, using data from a survey of 227 organizations in Memphis, Tennessee. The results show that large organizations adopt more active and passive hazard adjustments than small organizations and both large and small organizations engage in different types of hazard adjustments.

show abstract

“…Organisational impacts fall into several broad categories, including: direct physical damage to organisational property; indirect damage or losses caused by operational problems; critical service interruptions; closure (business interruption); staff attrition; and relocation costs (Tierney, 1997). Indirect losses related to disasters emerge throughout the recovery period.…”

Section: Organisational Experiences Post Disastermentioning

confidence: 99%

Organisational resilience following the Darfield earthquake of 2010

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents the preliminary findings of a study on the resilience and recovery of organisations following the Darfield earthquake in New Zealand on 4 September 2010. Sampling included organisations proximal and distal to the fault trace, organisations located within central business districts, and organisations from seven diverse industry sectors. The research captured information on the challenges to, the impacts on, and the reflections of the organisations in the first months of recovery. Organisations in central business districts and in the hospitality sector were most likely to close while organisations that had perishable stock and livestock were more heavily reliant on critical services. Staff well-being, cash flow, and customer loss were major concerns for organisations across all sectors. For all organisations, the most helpful factors in mitigating the effects of the earthquake to be their relationship with staff, the design and type of buildings, and critical service continuity or swift reinstatement of services.

show abstract

Business Impacts of the Northridge Earthquake

Cited by 219 publications

References 11 publications

An assessment of the potential impact of climate change on flood risk in Mumbai

An assessment of the potential impact of climate change on flood risk in Mumbai

Adoption of Hazard Adjustments by Large and Small Organizations: Who is Doing the Talking and Who is Doing the Walking?

Organisational resilience following the Darfield earthquake of 2010

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About