Burnishing of FSW Aluminum Al–Cu–Li Components

Rodríguez, Adrián; Calleja, A.; Lacalle, Luís Norberto López de; Pereira, Octavio; González, Haizea; Urbikaín, Gorka; Laye, Julien

doi:10.3390/met9020260

Cited by 43 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…As a result, the grain structure and hardening precipitates are not uniform in different zones, leading to the loss of mechanical properties after FSW. Although the mechanical properties of FSW joints can be improved the post-weld heat treatment and the post-weld burnishing [19][20][21], the adjustment of welding parameters is also an effective way. It is known that the microstructure and mechanical properties of FSW joints are affected by some parameters such as tool travel speeds, tool rotational speeds, tool tilt, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Travel Speed on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of FSW Joints for Al–Zn–Mg Alloy

et al. 2019

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The microstructures and mechanical properties of friction stir welded (FSW) Al–Zn–Mg alloy plate under different travel speeds were investigated. Both the average grain sizes (AGSs) of the shoulder affected zone (SAZ), nugget zone (NZ), and the widths of thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) decreased with the increase of travel speed. Moreover, the AGSs of NZ are always about 60% of that of SAZ at different travel speeds. The fractions of high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) in the FSW joints reduce with the distance away from the stir zone (SZ). Furthermore, the initial η’ strengthening precipitates in NZ and TMAZ dissolve and GP zones form during subsequent natural aging, so that the hardness is similar in the two zones. The precipitate evolution in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) at hardness minima are affected by travel speeds, which induce the hardness minima and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of FSW joints and increase with the increase of travel speed, and a fracture tends to occur at hardness minima location of HAZ during tensile testing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Travel Speed on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of FSW Joints for Al–Zn–Mg Alloy

et al. 2019

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“…In order to study the microstructural characteristics in different zones of the RFSSW joint in detail, the RFSSW joint was divided into four microstructure zones, i.e., base material zone (BMZ), stir zone (SZ), thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), and heat-affected zone (HAZ), according to the previous studies on FSSW [16][17][18][19]. The different zones are marked in Figure 3.…”

Section: Microstructural Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructures Evolution in Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy

Zhao¹,

Dong²,

Wang³

et al. 2020

Metals

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In this study, Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy was refill friction spot welded, and the precipitates, dislocation, recovery, and recrystallization characteristics were focused. In the stir zone (SZ), continues dynamic recrystallization occurs under the intense plastic deformation. All the original GP (II) zones and η' precipitates dissolved into the aluminum matrix under the welding heat input, and the stable η and E precipitates remained. In the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), high-density dislocations and subgrains boundaries can be observed. The continued dynamic recrystallization was not activated and only dynamic recovery occurs. Sub-boundaries and high-density dislocations in this zone can be observed. In this zone, the η precipitates are coarsened and dissolution is the main evolution mechanism for the GP (II) zones and η' precipitates. In the heat-affected zone (HAZ), no dislocation was induced and all the initial precipitates were coarsened under the welding heat input. The HAZ, the TMAZ, and the SZ constitute a soft region in the refill friction stir spot welding (RFSSW) joint, and the minimum value located at the interface between the HAZ and the TMAZ.

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“…Although thermomechanical degradation was present at the PTMAZ of this joint (high energy input, Figure 9), no noticeable difference in local strength can be measured after accelerated physical aging. Therefore, thermal annealing after F-ICJ process can enhance the local mechanical properties of joints, similar to ball-burnishing in the friction stir welding process [44,45].…”

Section: Physical-chemical Changes In the Microstructural Zones Of F-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Process-Related Changes in Polyetherimide Joined by Friction-Based Injection Clinching Joining (F-ICJ)

et al. 2020

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This work presents a comprehensive study on the effects of the Friction-based Injection Clinching Joining (F-ICJ) process on the microstructure and local properties of the stake head. The manuscript evaluates the consequences on the quasi-static mechanical performance of hybrid joints of amorphous polyetherimide (PEI) with aluminium AA6082. Through an overlay of microhardness map on a cross-polarized transmitted-light optical microscopy (CP-TLOM) image, two lower-strength microstructural zones in the PEI stake head were observed: a plastically-deformed zone (PDZ) and a thermo-mechanically-affected zone (PTMAZ). When compared to the base material, PDZ and PTMAZ have a reduction of 12%–16% and 8%–12%, respectively, in local mechanical properties. The reduced local strength was associated with distinct volumes of loosely packed PEI chains with unsteady chain conformation and thus larger free volume in the affected regions. The mechanical strength reduction is reversible through physical aging by thermal annealing the joints, which additionally shows that process-induced thermomechanical degradation of PEI by chain scission, as evidenced by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) analysis, does not appear to affect local mechanical strength. An evaluation of typical loading regimes of staked joints in lap shear (average ultimate force of 1419 ± 43 N) and cross tensile (average ultimate force of 430 ± 44 N) testing indicates that the process-induced changes of PEI do not compromise the global mechanical performance of such a structure. These findings provide a better understanding of the relationships between processing, microstructure, and properties for further F-ICJ process optimization.

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Burnishing of FSW Aluminum Al–Cu–Li Components

Cited by 43 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of Travel Speed on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of FSW Joints for Al–Zn–Mg Alloy

Effect of Travel Speed on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of FSW Joints for Al–Zn–Mg Alloy

Microstructures Evolution in Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy

Process-Related Changes in Polyetherimide Joined by Friction-Based Injection Clinching Joining (F-ICJ)

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