Burning Mouth Syndrome: Recognition, Understanding, and Management

Klasser, Gary D.; Fischer, Dena J.; Epstein, Joel B.

doi:10.1016/j.coms.2007.12.012

Cited by 100 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Authors included 120 patients aged 25-55 years in their study and diagnosed dysgeusia in 62.5% of patients with diabetes and 12.5% healthy subjects, whereby statistically significant difference between groups was observed. Some studies indicate an association of taste alteration with the level of HbA1c 10,26 , while different results were obtained by Perros et al who revealed no association between the HbA1c level and taste disorders 27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Oral symptoms and mucosal lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2

et al. 2017

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Oral symptoms and mucosal lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2

et al. 2017

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“…These differences between genders may be explained by biological, psychological & sociocultural factors. Prevalences of BMS reported from international studies ranges from 0.7%-4.5% 11,[14][15][16][17][18] . Epidemiological studies revealed that this condition is more common in pre and postmenopausal women which ranges upto 12-18% 19 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patient may also describe the symptom as tingling, scalding, annoying, tender or numb filling of the oral mucosa. The pain is primarily bilateral and typically on the anterior 2/3 of the tongue (71-78%) followed by dorsal and lateral border of the tongue, anterior portion of hard palate, labial mucosa or gingiva with no identifiable precipitating factors except stress and other psychological factors [14][15][16]42 . To fulfill the diagnostic criteria for BMS, pain episode must occur continuously at least 4-6 months 1,43 .…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Review

Sadat

Chowdhury

Baten³

2017

J. Bangladesh Coll. Phys.

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Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is characterized by chronic oro-facial pain in the absence of specific oral lesions & clinically apparent mucosal alterations. It is more commonly observed in middle aged patients & postmenopausal women. It often affects tongue, cheek, lip, hard & soft palate. Usually symptoms are better observed in morning, worsen during the day and typically subside at night. The condition is multifactorial origin, often idiopathic and its etiopathogenesis remain largely enigmatic. Associated medical conditions may include neurologic and metabolic disorder, gastrointestinal, urogenital as well as drug reactions. BMS are of two types, primary & secondary. Primary BMS is essential or idiopathic where secondary BMS is caused by local, systemic and/or psychological factors. Clinical diagnosis depends on the careful history taking, physical examinations and laboratory findings. Vitamin, Zinc or Hormone replacement therapy has been found to be effective with deficiency of the corresponding factors. The drug therapy with alpha-lipoic acid, capsaicin, clonazepam, benzodiazepines, tricyclic antidepressants, anticonvulsants may be effective in symptomatic treatment of BMS. But the treatment is still unsatisfactory and there is no definitive cure.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2016; 34(3): 151-159

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“…Management of this condition is hampered by a lack of good quality trials of treatment. 44 Although a large variety of drugs, medications, and miscellaneous treatments have been proposed in BMS, the treatment management of this syndrome is still not satisfactory, and there is no definitive cure. 45 The medical management of BMS follows the example of other neuropathic pain conditions and includes low dosages of benzodiazepines, tricyclic antidepressants, and anticonvulsants.…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Review of the Etiopathologic Factors and Management

Vellappally¹

2016

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is characterized by pain in the mouth with or with no inflammatory signs and no specific lesions. Synonyms found in literature include glossodynia, oral dysesthesia, glossopyrosis, glossalgia, stomatopyrosis, and stomatodynia. Burning mouth syndrome generally presents as a triad: Mouth pain, alteration in taste, and altered salivation, in the absence of visible mucosal lesions in the mouth. The syndrome generally manifests spontaneously, and the discomfort is typically of a continuous nature but increases in intensity during evening and at night. The etiopathogenesis seems to be complex and in a large number of patients probably involves interactions among local, systemic, and/or psychogenic factors. The differential diagnosis requires the exclusion of oral mucosal lesions or blood test alterations that can produce burning mouth sensation. Management is always based on the etiological agents involved. If burning persists after local or systemic conditions are treated, then treatment is aimed at controlling neuropathic symptoms. Treatment of BMS is still unsatisfactory, and there is no definitive cure. As a result, a multidisciplinary approach is required to bring the condition under better control. The aim of this review was to discuss several aspects of BMS, update current knowledge, and provide guidelines for patient management.

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Burning Mouth Syndrome: Recognition, Understanding, and Management

Cited by 100 publications

References 98 publications

Oral symptoms and mucosal lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2

Oral symptoms and mucosal lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2

Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Review

Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Review of the Etiopathologic Factors and Management

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