Oral symptoms and mucosal lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2

Cicmil, Ana; Govedarica, Olivera; Lečić, Jelena; Mališ, Snežana; Cicmil, Smiljka; Čakić, Saša

doi:10.1515/bjdm-2017-0007

Cited by 18 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Higher rates of xerostomia were related to the female sex in type 2 10 , but to xerogenic medication, current use of cigarettes, and more frequent snacking behavior in type 1 diabetic patients 9 . Glycemic control level seems to generally influence the susceptibility of type 2 diabetics to xerostomia 12 .…”

Section: Xerostomiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, concentrations of certain salivary elements varied in diabetics and healthy individuals regarding to the sex 14 . It has been hypothesized that microvascular changes and neuropathy may play a role in these changes 12 . Higher levels of glucose and decreased pH in saliva were linked to higher susceptibility of diabetics to the dental caries while more calcium and less zinc ions in the saliva may play a role in predisposition to the dental calculus formation and periodontitis in diabetic patients.…”

Section: Salivary Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral alterations in diabetes mellitus

Cicmil¹,

Mladenović²,

Krunic³

et al. 2018

Balkan J Dent Med

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SummaryDiabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases which continue to increase in number and significance. It presents the third most prevalent condition among medically compromised patients referring for dental treatment. Diabetes mellitus has been defined as a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Hyperglycemia leads to widespread multisystem damage which has an effect on oral tissue. The present article summarizes current knowledge regarding the association between diabetes mellitus and oral and dental health.

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Section: Xerostomiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Salivary Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral alterations in diabetes mellitus

Cicmil¹,

Mladenović²,

Krunic³

et al. 2018

Balkan J Dent Med

Self Cite

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“…Many studies have detected impaired salivary function in adults with diabetes. The etiology is unknown, but may be related to polyuria, autonomic neuropathies, and microvascular changes and alterations in the basement membranes of salivary glands[2,4,5,7,8]. There is a significant relationship between the degree of xerostomia and glucose levels in saliva.…”

Section: Xerostomiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to either a deficiency of insulin secretion or resistance to the action of insulin or both[1-3]. Chronic hyperglycemia leads to different complications in various regions of the body including the oral cavity, so blood glucose control is very critical[4]. Possible mechanisms that may be related to oral complications of diabetes include impaired neutrophil function, increased collagenase activity, and a reduction in collagen synthesis, microangiopathy, and neuropathy[4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic hyperglycemia leads to different complications in various regions of the body including the oral cavity, so blood glucose control is very critical[4]. Possible mechanisms that may be related to oral complications of diabetes include impaired neutrophil function, increased collagenase activity, and a reduction in collagen synthesis, microangiopathy, and neuropathy[4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral manifestations in patients with diabetes mellitus

Rohani

2019

WJD

112

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The purpose of this article was to increase the knowledge about oral manifestations and complications associated with diabetes mellitus. An overview was performed on Google, especially in recent reliable papers in relation to diabetes mellitus and its oral manifestations (keywords were “diabetes mellitus”, “oral manifestations”, and “oral complications”). Data were collected and the results were declared. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia. This disease can have many complications in various regions of the body, including the oral cavity. The important oral manifestations and complications related to diabetes include xerostomia, dental caries, gingivitis, periodontal disease, increased tendency to oral infections, burning mouth, taste disturbance, and poor wound healing. Oral complications in diabetic patients are considered major complications and can affect patients’ quality of life. There is evidence that chronic oral complications in these patients have negative effects on blood glucose control, so prevention and management of the oral complications are important.

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Evaluation of serum neuron specific enolase levels among patients with primary and secondary burning mouth syndrome

et al. 2021

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Introduction Burning mouth syndrome is a painful condition of the oral cavity with ambiguous pathogenesis and diagnosis. Neuron-specific enolase is increased in several conditions including peripheral neuropathy of diabetes, ophthalmopathies, spinal cord injuries and tumors. Evidence on association of burning mouth syndrome and neuron-specific enolase is limited. Aim This study aims to evaluate neuron-specific enolase levels in primary and secondary burning mouth syndrome patients and compare the levels of neuron-specific enolase with associated conditions in secondary burning mouth syndrome. Methods One hundred and twenty-eight patients of more than 18 years of age with no gender predilection and having clinical symptoms of burning mouth syndrome and 135 healthy subjects were included. All the patients fulfilled Scala’s criteria for the diagnosis of burning mouth syndrome, including “primary” (idiopathic) and “secondary” (resulting from identified precipitating factors) burning mouth syndrome patients. Blood samples were obtained from burning mouth syndrome patients. Serum neuron-specific enolase was evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To compare means and standard deviations, among primary and secondary burning mouth syndrome, data was analysed with analysis of variance and multiple comparisons test. Results The mean age of the study participants for burning mouth syndrome and healthy subjects was 53.30 and 51.6 years, respectively. Amongst the secondary burning mouth syndrome group, 32 (25%) of the patients had menopause, 15 (11.7%) had diabetes, eight (6.2%) of the patients had nutritional deficiency, seven (5.4%) had combined diabetes, menopause, and depression, six (4.6%) had combined diabetes and depression, four (3.1%) were diagnosed with Sjögren’s syndrome. A minor percentage of 2.3% (three) had gastroesophageal reflux disease, while the remaining three (2.3%) patients in the secondary burning mouth syndrome group were on anti-depressants. There was a statistically significant increase in the levels of neuron-specific enolase in primary burning mouth syndrome as compared to the secondary burning mouth syndrome and healthy groups. Among the subgroups of secondary burning mouth syndrome, diabetic individuals showed a significant increase in neuron-specific enolase level when compared with other conditions in the secondary burning mouth syndrome patients. Discussion and conclusion: The raised serum neuron-specific enolase levels in patients suffering from primary burning mouth syndrome highlight a possible neuropathic mechanism. It was also increased in the sub-group of secondary burning mouth syndrome patients having diabetes. Although it cannot be ascertained whether the deranged values in the diabetic group were due to burning mouth syndrome or due to diabetes, the raised quantity of neuron-specific enolase in the primary burning mouth syndrome group is a reliable diagnostic indicator. Future studies on the assessment of neuron-specific enolase levels as a diagnostic tool for onset and management of primary and secondary burning mouth syndrome are recommended.

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Oral symptoms and mucosal lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Oral alterations in diabetes mellitus

Oral alterations in diabetes mellitus

Oral manifestations in patients with diabetes mellitus

Evaluation of serum neuron specific enolase levels among patients with primary and secondary burning mouth syndrome

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