Burden of Stroke in Fiji

Maharaj, Jagdish C.; Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy

doi:10.1111/j.1747-4949.2010.00447.x

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Early mortality and disability removes people from the work force. Studies from Fiji have provided evidence that the high economic burden is borne by Fiji from mortality due to stroke among young adults in terms of annual human capital loss [24, 25].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stroke Epidemiology in Oceania: A Review

Venketasubramanian

2021

Neuroepidemiology

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Background and Purpose: Oceania, comprising the regions Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia, is home to 42 million living in 8.5 million square kilometres of land. This paper comprises a review of the epidemiology of stroke in countries in this region. Methods: Information on epidemiology of stroke in Oceania was sought from data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study (incidence, mortality, incidence:mortality ratio [IMR], prevalence, disability-adjusted life-years [DALYs] lost due to stroke, and subtypes), World Health Organization (WHO) (vascular risk factors in the community), and PubMed (incidence, prevalence, and stroke subtypes). Data were analyzed by region to allow inter-country comparison within each region. Results: In 2010, age- and sex-standardized stroke mortality rates were lowest in Australasia (29.85–31.67/100,000) and highest in Melanesia and Micronesia (56.04–187.56/100,000), with wide ranges especially in Melanesia. Incidence rates were lowest in Australasia (101.36–105.54/100,000), similarly high elsewhere. Standardized IMR (0.98–3.39) was the inverse of the mortality rates and mirrored the prevalence rates (202.91–522.29/100,000). DALY rates (398.22–3,781.78/100,0000) mirrored the mortality rates. Stroke risk factors show a variable pattern – hypertension is generally the most common medical risk factor among males (18.0–26.6%), while among females, diabetes mellitus is the most common in Micronesia and Polynesia (21.5–28.4%). Among the lifestyle factors, current smoking is the most common in Melanesia among males, while obesity is generally the most common factor among females. Ischaemic stroke comprises 70% of stroke subtypes. Trend data show significant falls in standardized mortality rates and DALYs in most regions and falls in incidence in almost all countries. There is significant economic impact, particularly due to young strokes; some ethnicities are at higher risk than others, for example, Maoris and Pacific Islanders. Conclusions: Stroke is a major healthcare problem in Oceania. Variations in stroke epidemiology are found between countries in Oceania. Data are lacking in some; more research into the burden of stroke in Oceania is needed. With the expected increase in life expectancy and vascular risk factors, the burden of stroke in Oceania will likely rise. Some of the disparities in stroke burden may be addressed by great investment in healthcare.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stroke Epidemiology in Oceania: A Review

Venketasubramanian

2021

Neuroepidemiology

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“…However, many people may remain gainfully employed past the age of 55 years in formal paid employment or informal unpaid work, caring and supporting their families [58]. Stroke incidence (and associated mortality) in Fiji has been projected to rapidly increase with increasing age [29, 59]. Thus, if stroke mortality for ages above 55 years of age for those making an economic contribution at both micro- and macroeconomic levels is factored into the equation, the actual national human capital loss could be much higher from stroke mortality in Fiji.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Young Stroke Mortality in Fiji Islands: An Economic Analysis of National Human Capital Resource Loss

Maharaj¹,

Reddy

2012

ISRN Neurology

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Introduction. The objective of this study was to perform an economic analysis in terms of annual national human capital resource loss from young stroke mortality in Fiji. The official retirement age is 55 years in Fiji. Method. Stroke mortality data, for working-age group 15–55 years, obtained from the Ministry of Health and per capita national income figure for the same year was utilised to calculate the total output loss for the economy. The formula of output loss from the economy was used. Results. There were 273 stroke deaths of which 53.8% were of working-age group. The annual national human capital loss from stroke mortality for Fiji for the year was calculated to be F$8.85 million (US$5.31 million). The highest percentage loss from stroke mortality was from persons in their forties; that is, they still had more then 10 years to retirement. Discussion. This loss equates to one percent of national government revenue and 9.7% of Ministry of Health budget for the same year. The annual national human capital loss from stroke mortality is an important dimension in the overall economic equation of total economic burden of stroke. Conclusion. This study demonstrates a high economic burden for Fiji from stroke mortality of young adults in terms of annual national human capital loss.

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“…As noted recently in a study on Fiji [34] '…the older population is more likely to be sick, infirm or disabled than … middle aged' and the typical elderly 'is the one who is not mobile and has some form of disability or other serious medical ailments that need constant medical attention and health care' [34]. Inevitably there are gender differences as was found by Panapasa and Maharaj [39,40].…”

Section: Aging In Fiji: Issues and Challenges In Intergenerational Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elsewhere I have described the lack of means to maintain basic livelihood at old age as constituting 'social disability' [38]. Research on aging and the elderly in Fiji undertaken between 1984 and 1993 [36,[38][39][40] and more recently [34] have all underlined the health and livelihood needs of the elderly resulting from disabilities or chronic diseases. These studies affirm the findings of others that have come to the same conclusions [41].…”

Section: Aging In Fiji: Issues and Challenges In Intergenerational Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective Chapter: Crisis of Aging, Livelihood and Intergenerational Relations – The Political Economy of Ageing in Fiji

K. Plange

2024

Intergenerational Relations - Contemporary Theories, Studies and Policies

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A political economy perspective provides a better understanding of aging in Fiji and the challenges of care and threats of poverty. Traditional Inter-generational family and household have remained enduring as primary care givers for older persons from the colonial period when services were limited. It continues to do within contemporary structure of work with retirement at, recently 55, but now 60, and limited coverage from a National Provident Fund. There’s however pressure on the inter-generational household from the economy while older people seek to work. State targeted social protection schemes have been established to assist those in need.

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Burden of Stroke in Fiji

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Stroke Epidemiology in Oceania: A Review

Stroke Epidemiology in Oceania: A Review

Young Stroke Mortality in Fiji Islands: An Economic Analysis of National Human Capital Resource Loss

Perspective Chapter: Crisis of Aging, Livelihood and Intergenerational Relations – The Political Economy of Ageing in Fiji

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