Burden of illness for patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease and anemia in the United States: review of the literature

Nooten, F.E. van; Green, Julia; Brown, Ruth E.; Finkelstein, Fredric O.; Wish, Jay B.

doi:10.3111/13696998.2010.484307

Cited by 42 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The complications of anemia are neurocognitive impairment, sleep disturbances, CKD progression, cardiovascular comorbidities, and higher mortality. [4–9] Anemia correlates strongly with both CKD progression and patient survival. [10] Furthermore, anemia in patients with CKD has a direct effect on healthcare costs and quality of life (QoL) during both predialysis and dialysis stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10] Furthermore, anemia in patients with CKD has a direct effect on healthcare costs and quality of life (QoL) during both predialysis and dialysis stages. [4,6,7,9,11] The prevalence of anemia (with or without CKD) significantly increases with advancing age. [8] The causes of anemia in patients with CKD include erythropoietin (EPO) deficiency, decreased responsiveness to EPO, shortened red blood cell survival, iron deficiency, and chronic inflammation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence, awareness, and treatment of anemia in Chinese patients with nondialysis chronic kidney disease

Shi

Wang

et al. 2016

Medicine

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This was the first multicenter, cross-sectional survey to assess the prevalence of anemia, patient awareness, and treatment status in China. Data of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD; age, 18–75 years; both out- and inpatients) from 25 hospitals in Shanghai, seeking medical treatment at the nephrology department, were collected between July 1, 2012 and August 31, 2012. The prevalence, awareness, and treatment of anemia in patients with nondialysis CKD (ND-CKD) were assessed. Anemia was defined as serum hemoglobin (Hb) levels ≤12 g/dL in women and ≤13 g/dL in men. A total of 2420 patients with ND-CKD were included. Anemia was established in 1246 (51.5%) patients: 639 (51.3%) men and 607 (48.7%) women. The prevalence of anemia increased with advancing CKD stage (χ2trend = 675.14, P < 0.001). Anemia was more prevalent in patients with diabetic nephropathy (68.0%) than in patients with hypertensive renal damage (56.6%) or chronic glomerulonephritis (46.1%, both P < 0.001). Only 39.8% of the anemic patients received treatment with erythropoietin and 27.1% patients received iron products; furthermore, 22.7% of the patients started receiving treatment when their Hb level reached 7 g/dL. The target-achieving rate (Hb at 11–12 g/dL) was only 8.2%. Of the 1246 anemia patients, only 7.5% received more effective and recommended intravenous supplementation. Anemia is highly prevalent in patients with ND-CKD in China, with a low target-achieving rate and poor treatment patterns. The study highlights the need to improve multiple aspects of CKD management to delay the progression of renal failure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, awareness, and treatment of anemia in Chinese patients with nondialysis chronic kidney disease

Shi

Wang

et al. 2016

Medicine

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“…Anemia in CKD is associated with cognitive impairment, sleep disturbances, CKD progression, cardiovascular comorbidities, and higher mortality [3], [5]–[7]. Direct healthcare costs are higher in CKD patients with anemia than in those without [7], and quality of life issues (e.g., fatigue, reduced productivity) are common [3], [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease in the United States

Stauffer¹,

2014

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Anemia is one of the many complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the current prevalence of anemia in CKD patients in the United States is not known. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2007–2008 and 2009–2010 were used to determine the prevalence of anemia in subjects with CKD. The analysis was limited to adults aged >18 who participated in both the interview and exam components of the survey. Three outcomes were assessed: the prevalence of CKD, the prevalence of anemia in subjects with CKD, and the self-reported treatment of anemia. CKD was classified into 5 stages based on the glomerular filtration rate and evidence of kidney damage, in accordance with the guidelines of the National Kidney Foundation. Anemia was defined as serum hemoglobin levels ≤12 g/dL in women and ≤13 g/dL in men. We found that an estimated 14.0% of the US adult population had CKD in 2007–2010. Anemia was twice as prevalent in people with CKD (15.4%) as in the general population (7.6%). The prevalence of anemia increased with stage of CKD, from 8.4% at stage 1 to 53.4% at stage 5. A total of 22.8% of CKD patients with anemia reported being treated for anemia within the previous 3 months–14.6% of patients at CKD stages 1–2 and 26.4% of patients at stages 3–4. These results update our knowledge of the prevalence and treatment of anemia in CKD in the United States.

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“…Anemia is a well-known complication in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and associated with progression of CKD, poor quality of life, and increase in morbidity and mortality (12345). The mechanism of anemia in CKD is multifactorial: erythropoietin deficiency from reduced renal mass, iron and nutritional deficiencies, various pro-inflammatory mediators commonly elevated in CKD may affect the erythropoiesis in CKD (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence and Management of Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: Result from the KoreaN Cohort Study for Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-CKD)

Ryu¹,

Park

Jung

et al. 2017

J Korean Med Sci

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Anemia is a common and significant complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, its prevalence and current management status has not been studied thoroughly in Korea. We examined the prevalence of anemia, its association with clinical and laboratory factors, and utilization of iron agents and erythropoiesis stimulating agents using the baseline data from the large-scale CKD cohort in Korea. We defined anemia when hemoglobin level was lower than 13.0 g/dL in males and 12.0 g/dL in females, or received by erythropoiesis stimulating agents. Overall prevalence of anemia was 45.0% among 2,198 non-dialysis CKD patients from stage 1 to 5. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) as a cause, CKD stages, body mass index (BMI), smoking, leukocyte count, serum albumin, iron markers, calcium, and phosphorus concentration were identified as independent risk factors for anemia. Considering the current coverage of Korean National Health Insurance System, only 7.9% among applicable patients were managed by intravenous iron agents, and 42.7% were managed by erythropoiesis stimulating agents.

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Burden of illness for patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease and anemia in the United States: review of the literature

Cited by 42 publications

References 34 publications

Prevalence, awareness, and treatment of anemia in Chinese patients with nondialysis chronic kidney disease

Prevalence, awareness, and treatment of anemia in Chinese patients with nondialysis chronic kidney disease

Prevalence of Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease in the United States

The Prevalence and Management of Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: Result from the KoreaN Cohort Study for Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-CKD)

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